all drugs randomly

Question 1

olol

metoprolol

Answer 1

Class: beta blocker

Indications: HTN, Angina, MI, migraine prophylaxis

MOA:
Competitively block beta receptors in heart. Beta 1 selective .
reduces HR, BP and contractility. depresses renin secretion

Side Effects:
GI upsets, hypotension, bradycardia, heart block,
heart failure, fatigue, cold peripherals, dyspnoea, rash, dizziness

Contraindercated drugs: bronchospasm/asthma (increased airway resistance), bradycardia, AV block, hypotension

Question 2

Amoxacillin and other types of cillins

Answer 2

Amoxicillin, amoxicillin/ampicillin benzylpenicillin

Class; penicillins/anti-infectives

Indication: identified infection or prophylaxis of endocarditis

MOAaction: bactericidal agonist against organisms during multiplication. inhibits biosynthesis of cell wall mucopeptide.

SideEfects: GI upset, rashes, anaemia, thrombocytopaenia, crystalluria,

Contraindercated: hx of hypersensitivity to beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g. penicillins, cephalosporins)

nursing: avoid rapid administration of IV (risk of seizures)
give IV separately to other substances
monitor FBC, renal/hepatic function if used >10 days.
- avoid use is presence of ESCAPPM group found
- monitor change in dosage and educate patient that it is not a long term medication upon discharge

Question 3

Amlodipine

Answer 3

Amlodipine
(dihydrpuradine)

class: anti-hypertensive /anti-angina (calcium channel blocker)

Indication: HTN, stable angina

MOAction: calcium ion influx inhibitor to smooth muscle (cardiac). Reduces TPR by dilating arterioles.HR stabilises. lowers BP. blocks constriction in major arteries .

Side effect: headache, oedema, dizziness, palpation, fatigue, nausea, hypotension, tachycardia

contrainteractions:??

Nursing: monitor for adverse effects
monitor BP and HR

Question 4

Atenolol

Answer 4

Class: beta blocker

Indications: HTN, angina, Cardiac arrhythmias, MI

MOAaction: acts on beta receptors (competitively blocks) in heart, reduces BP, inhibits exercise induced tachycardia and decreases plasma renin concentration. reduce HR and contractility

SideEffects: bradycardia, hypotension, GI upset, bronchospasm, dyspnoea, cold extremities, exacerbation of Raynaud’s phenomenon, fatigue, dizziness, abnormal vision, alteration of glucose and lipid metabolism

contra: asthma, bradycardia, hypotension, pregnancy/lactation, shock,

nursing:
monitor HR and BP before administration

Question 5

metformin

Answer 5

class: hypoglycaemic

Indication: T2DM

MOAaction: lowers glucose, does not stimulate insulin. reduces hepatic glucose by inhibition. reduces glucose in muscle by increasing insulin sensitivity. delays intestinal glucose absorption.

SideEffects : taste disturbance, GI upset, loss of appetite, lactic acidosis,

Contrainderactions
: juvenile uncomplicated DM, DM regulated by diet alone, before/after surgery when using insulin, metabolic acidosis, renal failure, major surgery

Nursing:
- monitor renal function
- take during/after meals to prevent GI issues
-check serum B12 levels
- tell pt to avoid alcohol
- monitor BGL