Genes and Heredity

Question 1

single-gene traits

Answer 1

trait determined by only one inherited gene

Question 2

true-breeding

Answer 2

trait where organisms produce offspring with the same variant each time

Question 3

homozygous

Answer 3

inheriting the same two alleles from parents

Question 4

heterozygous

Answer 4

inheriting different alleles from parents

Question 5

Mendel’s law of segregation

Answer 5

when gametes are produced the allele pairs separate, so that one half carries one allele and another carries the other half

Question 6

phenotype

Answer 6

the trait visibly expressed by an organism

Question 7

genotype

Answer 7

an organism’s genetic composition

Question 8

pedigree

Answer 8

a type of family tree that follows a trait inherited in a family

Question 9

incomplete dominance

Answer 9

an organism with a phenotype of a mix between the two parents

Question 10

codominance

Answer 10

organisms shows phenotype of both parents separately

Question 11

multiple allelism

Answer 11

a single gene contains more than two alleles

Question 12

antigen

Answer 12

set of chemicals that can turn on defenses in body

Question 13

antibodies

Answer 13

molecules that initiate attacks against foreign bodies

Question 14

polygenic

Answer 14

a trait influenced by more than one gene

Question 15

pleitropy

Answer 15

one gene influencing 1+ traits

Question 16

dihybrid cross

Answer 16

cross between 2 heterozygous individuals for same gene area