Leg and Knee

Question 1

What type of bone is the patella and what does it do?

Answer 1

sesamoid bone within patellar tendon that improves knee extension by holding the quadriceps tendon farther forward

Question 2

Where does IT band attach?

Answer 2

gerdy’s tubercle on tibia

Question 3

Function of the tibia?

Answer 3

transmit body weight

Question 4

Which bone is weight bearing? Fibula or tibia?

Answer 4

Tibia, fibula is non weight bearing

Question 5

What is the function of the fibula?

Answer 5

ankle stability and attachment point for muscles

Question 6

What do femoral condyles articulate with?

Answer 6

tibial condyles, menisci

Question 7

What attaches to the femoral epicondyles?

Answer 7

LCL and MCL

Question 8

What does the proximal head of the fibula articulate with?

Answer 8

a facet on the tibia

Question 9

What is torn in a high ankle sprain?

Answer 9

distal interosseous membrane or ant/post tibiofibular ligaments

Question 10

The LCL resists what forces?

Answer 10

varum

Question 11

The LCL has no attachment to the joint capsule because it is what?

Answer 11

extracapsular

Question 12

What forces do the MCL resist?

Answer 12

valgus

Question 13

What are the functions of the ACL?

Answer 13

• limits POSTERIOR rolling of the femoral condyles on the tibia during flexion
• prevents anterior translation of the tibia on the femur
• hyperextension

Question 14

What two tests are performed to see if the ACL is intact?

Answer 14

Lachman’s test
anterior drawer test

Question 15

The ACL is a double bundle of the AM and PL. What happens during flexion? What about extension?

Answer 15

• the AM and PL cross each other
• the AM is tight and gives stability
• the PL is loose and allows rotation
• in extension they are parallel

Question 16

Which is stronger? ACL or PCL?

Answer 16

PCL

Question 17

Function of the PCL?

Answer 17

• hyperflexion
• posterior translation of tibia on femur
• during WB knee flex PCL is MAIN stabilizer

Question 18

When going downhill what ligament is the main stabilizer?

Answer 18

PCL

Question 19

What is the role of the MPL (medial patellofemoral ligament)?

Answer 19

prevent lateral dislocation of the patella

Question 20

What is the MPL a continuation of?

Answer 20

the VMO muscle

Question 21

What does the lateral menisci attach to?

Answer 21

popliteus tendon

Question 22

What does the medial menisci attach to?

Answer 22

MCL