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BIO 150/51 > Chapter 7 Lecture > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Lecture Flashcards

0
Q

How do heterotrophs survive?

A

By eating organic compounds produced by other organisms

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1
Q

What are autotrophs able to do?

A

Produce their own organic molecules through photosynthesis

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2
Q

How is cellular respiration used?

A

Extraction of energy from organic molecules

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3
Q

What is oxidation?

A

Loss of electrons

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4
Q

Dehydrogenations

A

Lost electrons are accompanied by protons

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5
Q

Redox reaction

A

Electrons carry energy from one molecule to another

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6
Q

NAD+

A
  • an electron carrier
  • accepts 2 electrons and 1 proton to become NADH
  • reaction is reversible
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7
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

Final electron receptor is oxygen

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8
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

Final electron acceptor is an organic molecule (not oxygen)

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9
Q

What are the 4 stages of the oxidation of glucose?

A
  1. Glycolysis
  2. Pyruvate oxidation
  3. Krebs cycle (or citric acid)
  4. Electron transport chain and chemiosmosis (oxydative phosphorylation)
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10
Q

What stage of glucose oxidation occurs in the cytoplasm?

A

Glycolysis

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11
Q

What stages of glucose oxidation occurs in the mitochondria?

A
  • pyruvate oxidation
  • Krebs cycle
  • electron transport chain and chemiosmosis
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12
Q

What does glycolysis do?

A

Breaks sugar apart

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13
Q

What happens in pyruvate oxidation?

A

Loss of electrons; electrons go to NADH

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14
Q

What is the same as citric acid?

A

Citrate

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15
Q

What is ADP + Pi

A

ATP

16
Q

ATP and NADH are produced from

A

The Krebs cycle

17
Q

Glycolysis produces

A
  • 2 ATP molecules by substrate-level phosphorylation

- 2 NADH produced by the reduction of NAD+

18
Q

For glycolysis to continue, NADH must be recycled to NAD+ by either

A
  • aerobic respiration

- fermentation (anaerobic)

19
Q

What is aerobic respiration?

A
  • oxygen is available as the final electron acceptor

- produces significant amount of ATP

20
Q

What is fermentation

A

(Anaerobic)

  • occurs when oxygen is not available
  • organic molecule is the final electron acceptor

BIO 150/51 (5 decks)

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