5- Competition Flashcards
The types of information sources discussed for the selection system theory
- Market Selection
- Peer Selection
- Expert Selection
market selection (consumer based awards)
consumers choosing based on their own judgement
peer selection
experts within the sector select
expert selection
external judges select
attribution theory
explores how individuals perceive and explain the causes of behavior
how consumers don’t accept a signal of quality at face value, they asses the source of the signal.
what do consumers assess according to attribution theory?
1) source credibility - trustworwthieness and expertise
2) salience- prominence/ level of activation of a brand in their memory
experience goods
products or services whose quality and enjoyment are best understood through personal use.
selection system theory
how consumers choose products based on different types of information sources
what are the dominant criteria consumers use to evaluate the quality of a film? (utilitarian or hedonic)
HEDONIC
- based on enjoyment a film gives you and the feeling of pleasure it evokes.
what’s “herd behavior”
a consumer’s decision-
making process is highly influenced by others
creating inequality and unpredictability of market shares
how do market awards affect mainstream movies, compared to peer awards?
market awards DO NOT have a stronger effect compared to peer awards
how do expert awards effect independent movies?
expert awards have the biggest impact on independent movies
why do expert awards have the biggest impact on independent movies?
- experts serve as quality markers for discerning viewers.
- serves as a strong signal for potential viewers, increasing their willingness to invest time and money
the 2 hypotheses of gemser, leenders, and wijnburg
Hypothesis 1: In mainstream films, awards chosen by consumers will have a stronger impact on box office revenues and screen presence compared to awards chosen by peers or experts.
Hypothesis 2: For independent films, awards selected by experts will significantly enhance box office revenues and screen presence compared to awards chosen by peers or consumers.
reasoning for hypothesis 1 about mainstream movies (why award signals>)
mainstream movies are designed for mass appeal
if these films win awards chosen by their target audience, it shows a strong connection with the viewers tastas.
consumers trust awards chosen by people like them.
reasoning for hypothesis 2 about independent movies (why award signals>)
the relative lack of word of mouth and relatively limited marketing budget increases the importance of winning awards
-> to increase ticket sales, (regardless whether they are consumer, expert, or peer selected.)
why aren’t mainstream movies affected that much from awards ?
Other signals of quality such as advertising and screen
intensity may spur ticket sales to a much greater extent.
what are the best types of awards for mainstream mvoies?
peer selection
why’s the best types of awards for mainstream movies peer selected awards?
they combine industry expertise and public recognition. These awards signal high-quality filmmaking to the general audience, enhancing the film’s credibility and market appeal.
why’s the best award for independent movies expert selected awards?
because independent movies lack extensive marketing and star power.
These awards provide validation, indicating exceptional quality and attracting film enthusiasts and industry professionals.
define a gatekeeper (acc to foster)
Gatekeepers are brokers who mediate between artists and audiences
Gatekeepers as co-producers
Gatekeepers, acting as co-producers, guide artists and products through production, actively shaping the content of the cultural product, akin to artists themselves.
Gatekeepers as selectors
Gatekeepers, in the role of selectors, selectively grant outsider access to the production, controlling who enters the creative sphere.
Gatekeepers as taste-makers
As tastemakers, gatekeepers evaluate the output of creative industries, promoting specific products to audiences based on their judgment.
define social networks
structures made of nodes that are tied to each other by specific types of inter-dependencies.
Nodes/ Cliques -> one player linked to another (employees or organizations
Ties -> links between nodes (collaboration/ friendship)
what’s the organizational strategy of original clubs?
INNOVATION
they encourage bands to experiment.
they prioritize creativity