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Clin Tech 3 - Unit 5 > Congenital Heart Disease > Flashcards

Congenital Heart Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Diagnosed on first visits to vet as puppies and kittens

A

congenital heart disease

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2
Q

symptoms of congenital heart disease

A

many times asymptomatic

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3
Q

animals with congenital heart disease should not be what

A

bred

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4
Q

five causes of congenital heart disease

A

genetic
environmental
nutritional
infectious
drug related

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5
Q

failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth

A

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

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6
Q

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) results in blood shunting from systemic _______ to the pulmonary _______

A

circulation
artery

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7
Q

two things that will happen with Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

A

blood will hyperperfuse the lung
the left side of the heart will become volume overloaded

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8
Q

what is the murmur called that is associated with Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

A

machinery murmur

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9
Q

where is the murmur of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) heard

A

over the main pulmonary artery, high on the left base

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10
Q

three ways that Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) is diagnosed

A

ECG
Radiology
Echo

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11
Q

surgical duct ligation for Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) should be done before what age

A

2 years

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12
Q

what percentage of dogs with Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) will die with 1 year of diagnosis

A

60%

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13
Q

septal defect where blood will typically shunt from left to right, overloading the right side of the heart

A

atrial septal defects (ASD)

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14
Q

septal defect where the left side of the heart is usually overloaded and enlarged

A

ventricular septal defects (VSD)

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15
Q

septal defects will show signs of congestive heart failure before what age

A

8 weeks of age

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16
Q

how are septal defects diagnosed

A

radiology
echo

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17
Q

treatment for septal defects is the same as what

A

congestive heart failure

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18
Q

results from pulmonic valve dysplasia or is malformed

A

stenotic valves

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19
Q

two locations of stenotic valves

A

pulmonic and aortic

20
Q

what do stenotic valves obstruct

A

right ventricular outflow
right atrium becomes enlarged

21
Q

at what age do dogs start to show clinical signs of stenotic valves

A

1 year

22
Q

five clinical signs of stenotic valves

s________
t________
j________ pulse
left b_______ murmur
_______ side disease

A

syncope
tiring
jugular pulse
left basal murmur
right side disease

23
Q

two outcomes for stenotic valves

A

mild to moderate: normal lives
moderate to severe: sudden death

24
Q

what kind of breeds normally have subaortic stenosis (SAS)

A

large breed dogs

25
Q

thickening of aortic tissue

A

subaortic stenosis (SAS)

26
Q

three things produced by subaortic stenosis (SAS)

A

left ventricular hypertrophy
left atrial hypertrophy
dilation of the aorta

27
Q

two things that subaortic stenosis (SAS) can result in

______ sided failure
s_______ d_______

A

left sided failure
sudden death

28
Q

three clinical signs of subaortic stenosis (SAS)

left i_______ murmur
s________
t________

A

left injection murmur
syncope
tiring

29
Q

three ways to diagnosis for subaortic stenosis (SAS)

A

radiology
ECG
echo

30
Q

two treatments for subaortic stenosis (SAS)

s_________
p________ for p________

A

surgery
propranolol for pressure

31
Q

polygenic, genetically transmitted malformation of the heart

A

tetralogy of fallot

32
Q

four components of tetralogy of fallot

p________ s________
s______ v________ s________ d_______
o______ a_______
s________ v_______ h_______

A

Pulmonic stenosis

Subaortic Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

Overriding Aorta

Secondary Ventricular Hypertrophy

33
Q

tetralogy of fallot shunts _______ blood from right to left ventricle

A

deoxygenated

34
Q

seven clinical signs of tetralogy of fallot

h________
c________
w_______
s_______
s________
f______ to g_____
s_______ d_______

A

hypoxia
cyanosis
weakness
syncope
seizures
failure to grow
sudden death

35
Q

diagnosis of tetralogy of fallot

A

radiology
ECG

36
Q

treatment for tetralogy of fallot

A

surgical

37
Q

what should be limited with tetralogy of fallot

A

limit exercise and stress

38
Q

two kinds of drugs that should be avoided for animals with tetralogy of fallot

A

tranquilizers
sedatives

39
Q
A

Tetralogy of Fallot

40
Q

defect that results in regurg of solid food in weanlings

A

persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly

41
Q

what does persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly obstruct

A

the esophagus

42
Q

what kind of breeds is persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly common in

A

large breeds

43
Q

diagnosis for persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly

A

Barium swallow

44
Q

treatment for persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly

A

surgery in early life (same as patent ductus arteriosus)

45
Q

three maintenance tools for persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly

A

feed small kibble diet
elevate bowls
antibiotics for pneumonias

Clin Tech 3 - Unit 5 (26 decks)

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