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Clin Tech 3 - Unit 5 > Liver Disease > Flashcards

Liver Disease Flashcards

1
Q

five causes of liver disease

d_____ or t_____ i______
i______
f______ h______ l______
n_______
c_______ p______ s______

A

drug or toxin induced
infectious
feline hepatic lipidosis
neoplastic
congenital portosystemic shunts

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2
Q

at what percent dose acute liver failure happen

A

70-80%

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3
Q

three increased serum chemistry results for acute liver disease

A

ALT (alanine aminotransferase)
ALP (alkaline phosphatase)
total bilirubin

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4
Q

two nutraceuticals for liver disease

A

milk thistle
denamarin

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5
Q

two causes of chronic liver disease

A

NSAIDs
antifungals

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6
Q

major sign of chronic liver disease

A

ascites

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7
Q

two additional serum chemistry results for chronic liver disease

A

hypoalbuminemia
hypocholesterolemia
(as well as acute results)

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8
Q

what causes infectious hepatitis

A

adenovirus 1

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9
Q

three significant signs of infectious hepatitis

p_____ h______
h_______
b______ d______

A

petechial hemorrhage
hepatomegaly (enlarged liver)
bloody diarrhea

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10
Q

three CBC results with infectious hepatitis

A

neutropenia
lymphopenia
thrombocytopenia

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11
Q

how can infectious hepatitis be prevented

A

vaccination for adenovirus 1

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12
Q

what two diseases can leptospirosis cause

A

acute renal and hepatic disease

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13
Q

what can be the end result of leptospirosis

A

peracute shock and death!

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14
Q

treatment and diagnosis of leptospirosis is ______

A

expensive

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15
Q

two antibiotics that can be used as attempted treatment for leptospirosis

A

penicillin
doxycycline

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16
Q

what two things will CBC show with leptospirosis

A

leukocytosis
thrombocytopenia

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17
Q

what three things will serum chemistry show with leptospirosis

A

elevated BUN
elevated creatinine
elevated ALT
bilirubinuria (bilirubin in urine)

18
Q

what is important to do with patients with leptospirosis

A

ISOLATE - zoonotic and very contagious to other dogs that are unvaccinated!

19
Q

what species is cholangiohepatitis most common in

A

cats - specifically Persians

20
Q

inflammation of the bile ducts, gall bladder, and surrounding liver tissue

A

Cholangiohepatitis

21
Q

what does the bile duct inflammation with Cholangiohepatitis lead to

A

hepatitis

22
Q

two things on CBC with Cholangiohepatitis

A

neutrophilia with left shift
mild, regenerative anemia

23
Q

four treatment options for Cholangiohepatitis

a_______
p_______
f_______
n_______

A

antibiotics
prednisone
fluids
nutritional

24
Q

prognosis for Cholangiohepatitis

A

variable

25
Q

another name for feline hepatic lipidosis

A

fatty liver

26
Q

Most common hepatopathy seen in cats

A

feline hepatic lipidosis (fatty liver)

27
Q

what kind of cats is feline hepatic lipidosis (fatty liver) most common in

A

older, obese cats

28
Q

what causes feline hepatic lipidosis and what does it do to the liver

A

anorexia for 2 weeks (maybe even less)

breakdown of fat accumulates in the liver because they aren’t eating and the body is trying to use fat for energy

29
Q

treatment for feline hepatic lipidosis

A

get them to eat, use a feeding tube

30
Q

primary carcinomas from hepatocytes usually effect what species

A

dogs

31
Q

primary carcinomas from biliary epithelium usually effect what species

A

cats

32
Q

the portosystemic shunts allow vascular communication from _____ blood to _____ blood

A

portal
systemic

33
Q

what does the congenital bypass of the portosystemic shunt do to toxins

A

toxins from GI bypass liver and go to brain, causing hepatic encephalopathy

34
Q

a reversible syndrome observed in patients with advanced liver dysfunction

A

hepatic encephalopathy

35
Q

which species is single intrahepatic PSS most common in

A

large breed dogs

36
Q

which species is single extrahepatic PSS most common in

A

cats and small breed dogs

37
Q

two important clinical signs of congenital portosystemic shunt

A

head press
seizures

38
Q

when will clinical signs be worse with congenital portosystemic shunt

A

after a high protein meal

39
Q

what does congenital portosystemic shunt cause in animals

A

stunted growth - avoid getting runts as pets!

40
Q

treatment option for congenital portosystemic shunt

A

ligate shunt - expensive and needs to be done by a specialty clinic

Clin Tech 3 - Unit 5 (26 decks)

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