Chapter 4: The Modern View of Atoms and Their Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is the current model of the atom called?

A

quantum mechanical model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what happens when a wave overlaps another?

A

constructive interference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what happens when the crest of one wave overlaps with the trough of another?

A

Destructive interference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the photoelectric effect?

A

when light is shines on certain metals, it causes them to emit electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is another name for orbitals?

A

electron clouds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what and the dumb-bell shaped orbitals called?

A

p orbitals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what orbital can an electron be in at the second energy level?

A

2s or 2p

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What orbital is at level three?

A

3s, 3p, and five 3d orbitals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what shape is the s orbital? p orbital?

A

spherical; dumbbell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

True/false: each energy level opened up a new type of orbital for the electrons to occupy

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

True/false: electrons can behave like waves but not particles

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the wave-particle duality?

A

The concept that light, as well as many subatomic particles have the properties of both particles and waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

True/false: an orbital can accommodate more than two electrons

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

state the Aufbau principle

A

Electrons filled orbitals, starting with the lowest energy ones, and then filling higher energy orbitals as needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a valence electron?

A

an atoms outer most electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True/false: elements in the same column or group of the periodic table of elements have similar chemistry

A

True

17
Q

what is an ion?

A

an atoms or group of atoms that develops an electrical charge by gaining or losing electrons

18
Q

what are negative ions called?

A

anions

19
Q

what are positive ions called?

A

cations

20
Q

what are the atoms called that tend to lose electrons? gain electrons?

A

metals; nonmetals

21
Q

True/false: metals have luster, while nonmetals do not

A

True

22
Q

True/false: metals are brittle, while nonmetals are malleable

A

false: the opposite is true

23
Q

True/false: metals tend to conduct heat and electricity well, as well as nonmetals

A

false: nonmetals do not

24
Q

what are ionic compounds?

A

a compound formed by cations and anions held together by their mutual attraction

25
Q

True/false: ionic compounds are not formed between metals and nonmetals

A

false

26
Q

what is electrolysis?

A

the breaking down of a chemical using electricity

27
Q

True/false: ionic compounds split up into their ions when dissolved and those ion move freely in the solution

A

true

28
Q

what are electrolytes?

A

Chemicals that form a conductive solution when dissolved