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Chemistry > Chapter 3: Making Sense of Atoms and Elements > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Making Sense of Atoms and Elements Flashcards

1
Q

How is the chemical symbol of an element found?

A

by the first two letters of its Latin or English

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2
Q

1 amu= ? grams

A

1.66 •10^-24 grams

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3
Q

How many protons are in aluminum if the atomic number is 13?

A

13

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4
Q

True/false: all atoms do not have equal numbers of protons and electrons

A

false

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5
Q

what is the mass number?

A

the sum of the number of neutrons are the number of protons in an atom

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6
Q

True/false: an elements mass on the Periodic Table is a weighted average

A

true

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7
Q

What is radioactive decay?

A

The spontaneous breakdown of an atom’s nucleus which often changes the element to which the atom belongs

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8
Q

True/false: unstable elements never act like their isotopes

A

False

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9
Q

What occurs when the number of fission events continues to increase with each new fission?

A

a chain reaction

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10
Q

What occurs when one rids of isotopes of a specific element?

A

isotopic enrichment

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11
Q

True/false: nuclear power plants use nuclear fission to produce energy

A

True

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12
Q

What occurs when a reactor gets so hot that is loses structural integrity, and harmful radioactive substances are emitted into the surroundings?

A

a meltdown

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13
Q

True/false: light contains no matter

A

True

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14
Q

True/false: light is not pure energy

A

False

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15
Q

What is the distance between crests called?

A

wavelength

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16
Q

What is the unit for frequency?

A

Hertz

17
Q

True/false: wavelength and frequency and inversely proportional

A

True

18
Q

1 nm=?m

A

10^ -9

19
Q

What is infrared light?

A

light whose wavelength is longer than that of red light

20
Q

What is ultraviolet light?

A

light that has wavelengths shorter than that of purple light

21
Q

What term refers to all light?

A

electromagnetic waves

22
Q

What is the sum total of all the electromagnetic waves that we see in the universe?

A

electromagnetic spectrum

23
Q

What is the standard unit to measure energy?

A

a Joule

24
Q

what’s the formula for light energy?

A

E=hf

25
Q

What is a physical constant?

A

A quantity in nature that never changed

26
Q

True/false: energy and frequency are not directly proportional

A

False

27
Q

What is the atomic spectrum?

A

the specific wavelengths emitted by an excited atom

28
Q

what is the ground state?

A

the lowest energy state of a particle

29
Q

the greater the energy, the shorter the what?

A

wavelength

30
Q

What is spectroscopy?

A

identifying chemicals by studying the light they emit or absorb 

31
Q

What are the two types of spectroscopy?

A

emission and absorption

Chemistry (12 decks)

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