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cardiology > Blocks > Flashcards

Blocks Flashcards

1
Q

song for first degree AV block

A

if the R is far from the P, then you have a first degree

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2
Q

song for wenckebach

A

longer, longer, longer drop, then you have a wenckebach

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3
Q

song for mobitz II

A

if some P’s just don’t get through, then you have a Mobitz II

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4
Q

song for third degree AV block

A

If P’s and Q’s just don’t agree, than you have a third degree

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5
Q

what are the S&S of a first degree AV block?

A

none

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6
Q

what is the treatment for a first degree AV block?

A

none needed

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7
Q

what are 3 symptoms of a wenckebach?

A

bradycardia
angina
syncope

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8
Q

what is the treatment for wenckebach?

A

treat bradycardia - stop AV block meds

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9
Q

where is the block in a wenckebach?

A

within AV node

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10
Q

where is the block in a mobitz type II?

A

below the AV node in the His Bundle

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11
Q

what symptom, if any, would be present in a mobitz type II?

A

bradycardia

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12
Q

what is the treatment for a mobitz type II AV block?

A

pacemaker
treat bradycardia

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13
Q

a mobitz type II AV block usually occurs in the presence of what?

A

bundle branch block

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14
Q

what can mobitz type II AV block lead to?

A

stokes-adams attacks

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15
Q

how are third degree AV blocks characterized?

A

independent atrial and ventricular complexes

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16
Q

what must be present to diagnose a third degree AV block?

A

ventricular rate that is slower than the atrial rate

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17
Q

what are S&S of a third degree AV block? (5)

A

bradycardia
palpitations
angina
dyspnea
stokes-adams attacks

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18
Q

what is the treatment for a third degree AV block?

A

treat bradycardia
pacemaker

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19
Q

what does a left bundle branch block always indicate?

A

cardiac disease

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20
Q

what are the two tests for a BBB?

A

ECG, then holter monitor

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21
Q

what is the recommended treatment for patients with bifascicular block?

A

pacemaker

22
Q

what medication can be used to treat a LBBB?

A

beta blockers

23
Q

what treatment is recommended for a patient with BBB with depressed systolic function, heart failure, and QRS > 0.12 sec?

A

cardiac resynchronization therapy (surgical)

24
Q

what would be seen on ECG for a RBBB? (2)

A

wide QRS complex
rabbit ears in V1 or V2

25
Q

what would be seen on ECG for a LBBB? (2)

A

wide QRS complex
notched wave in lead V5 or V6

26
Q

an ECG containing a LBBB cannot be evaluate for what? (3)

A

ischemia
infarction
ventricular hypertrophy

27
Q

where would reciprocal changes be seen in RBBB?

A

I, aVL, V5, and V6

28
Q

in which 2 blocks could right axis deviation occur?

A

RBBB
Left posterior fascicular block

29
Q

in which 2 blocks could left axis deviation occur?

A

LBBB
Left anterior fascicular block

30
Q

what is it called when half of LBBB is blocked after it splits into left anterior and left posterior fascicles?

A

hemiblock

31
Q

what is the criteria for left anterior fascicular block?

A

LAD -30 to -90 degrees

32
Q

what is the criteria for left posterior fascicular block? (1)

A

RAD 90 - 180 degrees

33
Q

LAFD + LPFB =

A

LBBB

34
Q

RBBB + LAFB + LPFB =

A

third degree AV block

35
Q

what is a RBBB + LPFB ?

A

bifascicular block

36
Q

a 16 year old patient mother state’s he has been feeling lightheaded. There are associated palpitations and like “my heart is leaping out of my chest”. Vitals are normal. On ECG, you see decreased PR intervals and delta waves. what is this suspicious for?

A

wolff-parkinson white

37
Q

what is the bypass pathway for WPW?

A

bundle of kent

38
Q

what can WPW lead to? (3)

A

atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia
atrial fibrillation
v fib

39
Q

what is the main cause of WPW?

A

congenital

40
Q

accessory pathways that represent the remnants of failed fusion of AV junctional tissue

A

bundle of kent

41
Q

what are 2 diagnostics used for WPW?

A

radiofrequency catheter ablation
event monitor

42
Q

what causes the delta wave?

A

Kent bundle, depolarizing the ventricular muscle earlier

43
Q

AVRT pathway that is antegrade (down to ventricles) through AV node and retrograde (up to the atria) via the AV accessory pathway

A

Orthodromic AVRT

44
Q

what would orthodromic AVRT look like on ECG? (2)

A

narrow QRS
inverted P waves
150-250 b/min

45
Q

AVRT pathway that goes through kent bundle and into AV node

A

antidromic AVRT

46
Q

what would an antidromic AVRT look like on ECG? (2)

A

wide QRS
inverted P waves

47
Q

what is the first line acute treatment for orthodromic AVRT?

A

vagal maneuvers

48
Q

what is the first line acute treatment for antidromic AVRT?

A

IV procainamide

49
Q

what is the first line treatment for pre-excited atrial fibrillation?

A

IV ibutilide or IV procainamide

50
Q

what is the chronic prevention for orthodromic AVRT, antidromic AVRT, and pre-excited atrial fibrillation?

A

catheter ablation of accessory pathway

51
Q

what should all unstable patients get as treatment, especially pre-excited atrial fibrillation?

A

synchronized cardioversion

cardiology (19 decks)

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