C1- Atomic structure and the periodic table Flashcards
What’s the radius of a nucleus in an atom?
1x10 to the power -14
What the radius of an atom?
1x10 to the power -10
Describe the structure of an atom:
Nucleus- holds protons and neutrons
Shells-hold electrons
What’s the relative mass on a :
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Proton —- 1
Neutron — 1
Electron — very tiny
What’s the charge on a :
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Proton — +1
Neutron— 0
Electron — -1
What’s does it mean when atoms are neutral?
They have no overall charge
(Same number of protons as electrons since charge is opposite they cancel each other out)
Why do atoms have overall charge?
Different number of electrons and protons meaning they don’t cancel out
Where is overall charge seen?
In an ion
What is an ion?
An ion is an atom that either losses or gains electrons
How do you know the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in an element?
Protons— look at the bottom number
Electron— look at bottom number
Neutron— top number - bottom number
What’s the bottom number of an element called?
Atomic number
What’s the top number of an element called?
Mass number
What’s an isotope?
An atom with the same number of protons different number of neutrons
What’s an example of an isotope?
Carbon12 and carbon13:
Where carbon 12 has 6 protons 6 electrons and 6 neutrons
Carbon 13 has 6 protons
6 electrons and 7 neutrons
What’s the symbol of relative atomic mass?
Ar
What’s relative atomic mass?
It’s the top number on an element and it’s when talking about the whole mass of an element and also counting it’s abundances
What’s a relative atomic number?
The bottom number still the number of protons and electrons
The equation to work out relative atomic mass
Relative atomic mass=Sum(abundance x mass) divided by total abundance