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anatomy and physiology > Special Senses(Lymphatic) > Flashcards

Special Senses(Lymphatic) Flashcards

1
Q

what are the important parts of the eye?

A

sclera
cornea
retina
iris
pupil
lens
macula
vitreous humor

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2
Q

the white of the eye or the white outer layer of the eyeball and functions as the supporting wall of the eyeball. Also maintains the shape of the eye and protects is from injuries

A

sclera

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3
Q

acts as the eye’s outermost lens. It functions like a window that controls and focuses the entry of light into the eye.

A

Cornea

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4
Q

the cornea contributes between __-__ percent of the eye’s total focusing power.

A

67-75 percent

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5
Q

a thin layer of tissue that covers approximately 65 percent of the back of the eye, near the optic nerve. Additionally, it converts light from the lens to neural signals and transmit them to the brain for visual recognition.

A

Retina

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6
Q

the colored part of the eye which helps regulate the amount of light entering the eye.

A

iris

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7
Q

function is clearly that of controlling the amount of light entering the eye, and hence the light reflex.

A

pupil

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8
Q

it focuses the light rays that pass through it (and onto the retina) in order to create clear images of objects that are positioned at various distances.

A

lens

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9
Q

located near the center of the retina, its function is to process sharp, clear, straight-ahead vision.

A

Macula

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10
Q

is a transparent, colorless, gelatinous mass that fills the space in the eye between the lens and the retina.

A

vitreous Humor

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11
Q

transparent, colorless, gelatinous mass, flows in and out of the front of your eye, its job is to keep proper ocular pressure (eye pressure) in your eye.

A

Aqueous humor

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12
Q

external and accessory parts of the eye

A

eyelids
eyelashes
conjunctiva
lacrimal gland

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13
Q

are thin soft tissue structures that cover and protect the anterior surface of the eyeball.

A

eyelids

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14
Q

the short hairs that grow along the edge of our eyelids

A

eyelashes

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15
Q

is a transparent mucous membrane that lines both the inner surface of the eyelids and the anterior surface of the eyeball (except the cornea).

A

Conjunctiva

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16
Q

two parts of the conjunctiva

A

bulbar and palpebral

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17
Q

what is bulbar conjunctiva

A

lines the anterior eye

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18
Q

what is the palpebral conjunctiva

A

lining the eyelids

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19
Q

situated on lateral end of each eye and produces lacrimal fluid

A

lacrimal gland

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20
Q

is a clear liquid secreted by the lacrimal glands.

A

tears

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21
Q

what are the things that are contained in the tears?

A

dilute salt solution
mucus
antibodies
lysozyme

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22
Q

the organ of hearing and balance.

A

ears

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23
Q

what are the three sections of the ears

A

external, middle, internal ears.

24
Q

narrow chamber in the temporal bone. Lined with skin and ceruminous (earwax) glands. Ends at the tympanic membrane (eardrum).

A

external acoustic meatus

25
Q

shell shaped structure surrounding the auditory canal opening.

A

auricle

26
Q

An Air-filled, mucosa-lined cavity within the temporal bone.

A

middle ear cavity

27
Q

Located between tympanic membrane and oval window and round window.

A

middle ear cavity

28
Q

AUDITORY OSSICLES

A

malleaus
incus
stapes

29
Q

Transmit vibrations from tympanic membrane to the fluids of the inner ear.

A

auditory ossicles

30
Q

also called the hammer and is the largeest and most lateral of the bony chain. additionally, it is a club-shaped structure.

A

malleus

31
Q

also called the anvil, wherein it transmits vibrations from the malleus to the stapes

A

incus

32
Q

also called the stirrup, is the smallest bone in the human body

A

stapes

33
Q

the three parts of the inner ear

A

cochlea, vestibular, semicircular canal.

34
Q

a hollow, spiral-shaped bone found in the inner ear, where sound waves are transduced into electrical impulses that the brain can interpret as individual frequencies of sound.

A

cochlea

35
Q

best described as the area of the inner ear between the tympanic cavity and posterior to the cochlea that controls equilibrium and balance

A

vestibule

36
Q

three tiny, fluid-filled tubes in your inner ear that help you keep your balance.

A

semicircular canal

37
Q

Vestibular apparatus has two functional parts

A

static equilibrium and dynamic equilibrium

38
Q

organs involved in smelling and tasting

A

nose and tongue

39
Q

How do we Smell?

A

as vaporizer odor molecules come in contact with our olfactory epithelium, special receptor cells called olfactory receptors detect the odor and transmit the information to the olfactory bulbs which are located at the back of the nose .

40
Q

the fice types of receptors of taste

A

sweet
sour
bitter
salty
umami

41
Q

sensory organs that are found on your tongue and allow you to experience tastes that are sweet, salty, sour, and bitter. It houses the receptor organs of taste.

A

taste buds

42
Q

The tissues and organs that produce, store, and carry white blood cells that fight infections and other diseases.
It is also a Drainage System because it facilitates the return of the excess fluids from the cells back to the blood vessels.

A

the lymphatic system

43
Q

main function of the lymphatic system is

A

to remove excess fluid in the body and carry it back to the bloodstream

to help your body absorb fats

and to protect your body against invaders

44
Q

A thin tube that carries lymph (lymphatic fluid) and white blood cells through the lymphatic system. .

A

lymphatic vessels

45
Q

Is the fluid that flows through the lymphatic system

A

lymph

46
Q

are small glands that filter lymphs through lymph vessels.
They become swollen in response to infection and tumors

A

lymph nodes

47
Q

the three compartments of the lymph nodes

A

cortex, medulla, and the macrophages

48
Q

contains follicles—collections of lymphocytes. Germinal centers enlarge when antibodies are released by plasma cells

A

cortex

49
Q

contains phagocytic macrophages

A

medulla

50
Q

engulf and destroy bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances in lymph

A

macrophages

51
Q

Locations of Lymph Nodes in the Body
CSAMSMIF P

A

CSAMSMIF P

Cervical
Supraclavicular
Axillary
Mediastinal
Supratrochlear
Mesentric
Inguinal
Femoral
Popliteal

52
Q

Other Lymphoid Organs

A

Speen
thymus
tonsils
peter’s patches

53
Q

It is a soft organ located on the left side of the abdominal cavity.

It filters and cleanses blood of bacteria, viruses and other debris.

Most important function is to destroy worn out RBC’s and return some of its breakdown products to the liver.

A

Spleen

54
Q

a lymphoid mass found in the anterior mediastinum overlying the heart.

is responsible for producing and maturing lymphocytes, or immune cells.

these include T cells, a type of white blood cell that defends the body from infections.

A

THYMUS

55
Q

Small masses of lymphoid tissue deep to the mucosa surrounding the throat.

Its job is to trap and remove bacteria entering the throat.

A

Tonsils

56
Q

Are found in the wall of the intestine.
Captures and destroys bacteria.

A

Peter’s Patches

57
Q
A

anatomy and physiology (10 decks)

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