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Cell Biology- Samiyah > Protein Trafficking > Flashcards

Protein Trafficking Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three modes of protein trafficking

A
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2
Q

Describe characteristics of the nucleus

A
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3
Q

What are the methods to get an image of the NPC

A
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4
Q

What is transported in and out of the nucleus

A
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5
Q

What are the key components in nuclear import/export

A

Ran(which can have GTP or GDP bound)
Karyopherins (importins/exportins)
Cargo (NLS, macromolecules)
Nucleotide exchange factor
Helper proteins

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6
Q

What is the structural bases for importin activity

A
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7
Q

At are the 4 models which may explain how transport through the NPC works

A

Elective phase/ hydrogel model
Virtual fate/polymer brush model
Forest model
Reduction of dimensionality model

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8
Q

What is the basic structure of the nucleus

A
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9
Q

What is the nuclear lamina and what is its role

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10
Q

How are ribosomes transported between the cytosol and nucleus

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11
Q

What is imported and exported into/ out of the nucleus to the cytosol

A
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12
Q

What are nuclear pore complexes and what is its role

A

(They are holes in the nuclear envelope)

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13
Q

How do molecules pass through the NPC

A
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14
Q

What is the role of nuclear localisation signals

A

NLS is a signal (molecule) that is found on the cargo proteins (which are the proteins that are to be transported)

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15
Q

How is nuclear import initiated (and what is the role of adaptor proteins)

A
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16
Q

What is the role of import receptors

A
17
Q

What is the role of FG-repeats

A
18
Q

What does the nuclear export process rely on

A
19
Q

How does RanGTPases impose directionality on transport through NPCs

A
20
Q

What is meant by monomeric

A

Proteins with one polypeptide chain

21
Q

What is Ran

A

A GTPase (which is an enzyme which binds to GTP protein and hydrolyses it)
It’s a molecular switch
Can have GTP or GDP bound

22
Q

What is the role of GTPase activating protein (GAP)

A

Triggers GTP hydrolysis
Converts Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP

23
Q

What is the role of guanine exchange factors

A

Promote exchange of GDP for GTP
So converts Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP

24
Q

Where is Ran-GAP and Ran-GEF located

A

Ran-GAP- located in cytosol
Ran-GEF - located in nucleus and is associated with chromatin

25
Q

Where is Ran-GDP and Ran-GTP mainly found

A

Ran-GDP mainly found in cytosol
Ran-GTP mainly found in nucleus

26
Q

Explain the process of nuclear import

A
27
Q

How does nuclear export occur

A

Cell Biology- Samiyah (17 decks)

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