Atomic structure Flashcards
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
What is the relative mass of an electron?
Almost 0 (1/2000)
What is the relative charge of a proton?
+1
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
0
What is the relative charge of an electron?
-1
Why are atoms electrically neutral?
overall no charge because protons and electrons in an atom are equal
What does the atomic number tell us?
number of protons (and electrons)
What does the mass number tell us?
number of protons and neutrons
What is an isotope?
Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
What are the properties of an isotope?
Physical - (eg density,mp,bp) different between isotopes
Chemical - (eg how they react) same as they have the same number of electrons
What is relative atomic mass?
average mass of all isotopes of an element taking into account their abundance
How do you calculate relative atomic mass?
(Mass number of isotope 1 x abundance of isotope 1) + ( mass number of isotope 2 x abundance of isotope 2) ÷ 100
State and explain the number of occupied electron shells in a potassium atom
4 electron shells occupied 2,8,8,1 because it is in period 4
State and explain the number of outer shell electrons in a tin atom
4 because it is in group 4
