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Medical Terminology > Module 4 Terminology > Flashcards

Module 4 Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Adrenals location and function

A

Abdomen, above the kidneys

Regulate sodium and potassium, carbohydrate metabolism, sex hormone, and epinephrine secretion in emergencies.

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2
Q

Pituitary location and function

A

Brain

Master gland, regulate other endocrine glands

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3
Q

Pineal gland location and function

A

Brain

Regulates sleep

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4
Q

Pancreas location and function

A

Epigastric area

Blood glucose regulation

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5
Q

Thyroid location and function

A

Neck

Metabolism, growth, and development

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6
Q

Parathyroid location and function

A

Neck

Maintain calcium and phosphate levels

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7
Q

Thymus location and function

A

Mediastinum

Regulate the immune system

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8
Q

Gonads (ovaries, testes) function and location

A

Pelvis

Male and female secondary sexual characteristics

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9
Q

Acr/o

A

Extremity

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10
Q

Aden/o

A

Gland

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11
Q

Adren/o
Adrenal/o

A

Adrenal gland

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12
Q

Crin/o

A

To secrete

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13
Q

Gluc/o

A

Sweet, sugar, glucose

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14
Q

Hirsut/o

A

Hairy

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15
Q

Hydr/o

A

Water

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16
Q

Myx/o

A

Mucus

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17
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Pancreas

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18
Q

Parathyroid/o

A

Parathyroid gland

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19
Q

Pituitar/o

A

Pituitary gland

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20
Q

Thym/o

A

Thymus

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21
Q

Thyr/o
Thyroid/o

A

Thyroid gland

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22
Q

Toxic/o

A

Poison

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23
Q

Acromegaly

A

Marked enlargement of the bones of the face jaw and extremities

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24
Q

Adenoma

A

Tumor of the gland

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25
Q

Albuminuria

A

Protein in the urine

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26
Q

Endocrinologist

A

Physician who specializes in the study of the endocrine system

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27
Q

Euthyroid

A

Normal activity of the thyroid gland

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28
Q

Exocrine

A

Pertains to a gland that secretes into ducts

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29
Q

Exophthalmic

A

A abnormal condition where the eyeballs protrude

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30
Q

Gigantism

A

Pathologic condition of being abnormal large

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31
Q

Glandular

A

Pertaining to a gland

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32
Q

Glycosuria

A

Glucose in the urine

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33
Q

Hirsutism

A

Abnormal condition with excessive growth of hair

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34
Q

Hypergonadism

A

Excessive secretion of the sex gland

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35
Q

Hypogonadism

A

Deficient secretion of the sex gland

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36
Q

Hypo parathyroid ism

A

Condition of Deficient secretion of the parathyroid gland

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37
Q

Ketonuria

A

Urinary excretion of ketones

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38
Q

Myxedema

A

Condition of Muscus swelling.
Results from severe hypothyroidism and without treatment can result in coma or death.

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39
Q

Polydipsia

A

Condition of excessive thirst

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40
Q

Polyphagia

A

Condition of excessive eating

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41
Q

Polyuria

A

Excessive urination

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42
Q

Thyroidectomy

A

Surgical excision of the thyroid gland

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43
Q

Thyroiditis

A

Inflammation of the thyroid gland

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44
Q

Thyrotoxicosis

A

Condition of toxic over-secretion of hormones from the thyroid gland

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45
Q

BG

A

Blood glucose

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46
Q

BMR

A

Basal metabolic rate

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47
Q

DI

A

Diabetes insipidus

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48
Q

DM

A

Diabetes mellitus

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49
Q

GTT

A

Glucose tolerance test

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50
Q

HRT

A

Hormone replacement therapy

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51
Q

IDDM

A

Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

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52
Q

NIDDM

A

Non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

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53
Q

TFT

A

Thyroid function test

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54
Q

Alges/o

A

Pain

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55
Q

Cephal/o

A

Head

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56
Q

Cerebr/o

A

Cerebrum

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57
Q

Encephala/o

A

Brain

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58
Q

Esthesi/o

A

Sensation

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59
Q

Hypn/o

A

Sleep

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60
Q

Lob/o

A

Lobe

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61
Q

Lumb/o

A

Low back

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62
Q

Mening/o

A

Meninges

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63
Q

Myel/o

A

Bone marrow/ spinal cord

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64
Q

Neuro/o

A

Nerve

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65
Q

Papill/o

A

Papilla

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66
Q

Radicul/o

A

Nerve root

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67
Q

Scler/o

A

Hardening

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68
Q

Spin/o

A

Spine

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69
Q

Ventricul/o

A

Ventricle

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70
Q

AD

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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71
Q

ADL

A

Activities of daily living

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72
Q

CP

A

Cerebral palsy

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73
Q

CSF

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

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74
Q

CVA

A

Cerebrovascular accident

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75
Q

EEG

A

Electroencephalogram

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76
Q

GCS

A

Glasgow coma scale

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77
Q

ICP

A

Intracranial pressure

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78
Q

LP

A

Lumbar puncture

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79
Q

MS

A

Multiple sclerosis

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80
Q

PD

A

Parkinson’s disease

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81
Q

TBI

A

Traumatic brain injury

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82
Q

Akinesia

A

Loss of or lack of voluntary movement

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83
Q

Amnesia

A

Condition in which there is a loss or lack of memory

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84
Q

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

A

Muscular weakness and atrophy, with spasticity due to degeneration of the motor neurons of the spinal cord. Also called Lou Gehrig’s disease.

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85
Q

Analgesia

A

A lack of the sensation of pain

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86
Q

Anesthesia

A

A temporary condition induced by medications with a lack of feeling,pain, and responsiveness.

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87
Q

Anesthesiologist

A

A physician who specializes in the study of anesthesia.

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88
Q

Aphagia

A

Lack of the ability to swallow

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89
Q

Aphasia

A

Lack of the ability to speak due to a brain lesion or injury.

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90
Q

Apraxia

A

Lack of the ability to use objects properly or to recognize common objects.

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91
Q

Asthenia

A

Lack of strength

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92
Q

Bradykinesia

A

Abnormal slowness of movement

93
Q

Cerebellar

A

Pertaining to the cerebellum

94
Q

Cerebral Palsy

A

Medical disorder whose damage to the motor control centers of the brain causes motor dysfunction.

95
Q

Chorea

A

Abnormal involuntary movement causing rapid jerking movements of the face or extremities

96
Q

Coma

A

Unconscious state from which the patient cannot be aroused.

97
Q

Concussion

A

Head injury with a temporary loss of brain function

98
Q

Craniectomy

A

Surgical excision of portion of the skull

99
Q

Craniotomy

A

Surgical incision into the skull

100
Q

Discectomy

A

Surgical excision of an intervertebral disk

101
Q

Dyslexia

A

Difficulty reading and writing words

102
Q

Dysphasia

A

Lack of the ability to speak due to a brain lesion or injury

103
Q

Encephalitis

A

Inflammation of the brain

104
Q

Encephalopathy

A

Pathological dysfunction of the brain

105
Q

Epidural

A

Injection of medication into the space above the dura mater as a means of pain control

106
Q

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

A

Self limiting condition where the myelin sheath covering the peripheral nerves are destroyed resulting in muscle weakness starting in the periphery and moving proximally.

107
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Weakness on one side of the body

108
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis of one half of the body

109
Q

Herniated disc syndrome

A

Compression of the spinal nerve by herniation of the central portion of an intervertebral disk

110
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Literally water in the head; condition where there is increased amount of cerebrospinal fluid

111
Q

Hyperalgesia

A

Extreme sensitivity to painful stimuli

112
Q

Hyperkinesis

A

Increased muscle movement

113
Q

Intracranial

A

Pertaining to within the skull

114
Q

Laminectomy

A

Surgical excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra.

115
Q

Lobotomy

A

Surgical incision into the frontal lobe of the cerebellum

116
Q

Meningitis

A

Inflammation of the meninges of the spinal cord or brain

117
Q

Meningocele

A

Congenital hernia or saclike protrusion of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spine

118
Q

Myelitis

A

Inflammation of the spinal cord

119
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Sleep disorder where recurrent episodes of uncontrollable drowsiness or sleep occur during the day

120
Q

Neuralgia

A

Pain in a nerve or nerves

121
Q

Neuritis

A

Inflammation of a nerve

122
Q

Neuropathy

A

Any disorder affecting the nervous system

123
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Chemical substance that carried nerve impulses between nerve cells.

124
Q

Palsy or paralysis

A

Loss of power of voluntary movements and/or sensation in a muscle due to injury or disease of a nerve supply.

125
Q

Papilledema

A

Swelling of the optic disk in the eye, caused by increased pressure within the cranium.

126
Q

Paraplegia

A

Paralysis of the lower extremities

127
Q

Paresis

A

Slight,partial,or incomplete paralysis

128
Q

Paresthesia

A

Abnormal sensation numbness or tingling

129
Q

Polyneuritis

A

Inflammation of many nerves

130
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Paralysis of all four extremities due to injury to the spinal cord.

131
Q

Sciatica

A

Severe pain along the course of the sciatic nerve

132
Q

Spondylosyndesis

A

Surgical procedure to fuse vertebrae after removal of the intervertebral disk.

133
Q

Subdural

A

Pertaining to below the dura mater

134
Q

Syncope

A

Temporary loss of consciousness, also known as fainting

135
Q

Tactile

A

Pertaining to the sense of touch

136
Q

Audi/o

A

Hearing

137
Q

Audit/o

A

Hearing

138
Q

Aur/o

A

Ear

139
Q

Biephar/o

A

Eyelid

140
Q

Cochle/o

A

Cochlea

141
Q

Corne/o

A

Cornea

142
Q

Dacry/o

A

Tear

143
Q

Ir/o

A

Iris

144
Q

Irid/o

A

Iris

145
Q

Lacrim/o

A

Tear

146
Q

Myring/o

A

Tympanic membrane

147
Q

Nas/o

A

Nose

148
Q

Ocul/o

A

Eye

149
Q

Olfact/o

A

Smell

150
Q

Opt/o

A

Eye

151
Q

Ot/o

A

Ear

152
Q

Phac/o

A

Lens

153
Q

Pupil/o

A

Pupil

154
Q

Retin/o

A

Retina

155
Q

Scler/o

A

Sclera

156
Q

Sinus/o

A

Sinus

157
Q

Tympan/o

A

Tympanic membrane

158
Q

ACC

A

Accommodation

159
Q

AOM

A

Acute otitis Media

160
Q

ASL

A

America Sign Language

161
Q

DPT

A

Diphtheria ,pertussis , tetanus

162
Q

HEENT

A

Head ears eyes nose throat

163
Q

IOP

A

Intraocular pressure

164
Q

OM

A

Otitis Media

165
Q

PERRLA

A

Pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation

166
Q

REM

A

Rapid Eye Movement

167
Q

TM

A

Tympanic membrane

168
Q

URI

A

Upper respiratory infection

169
Q

VA

A

Visual acuity

170
Q

Accommodation

A

Process that the eyes engage in to make adjustments to see objects at various distances

171
Q

Acoustic

A

Pertaining to the sense of hearing

172
Q

Amblyopia

A

Full or reduced vision, also called lazy eye.

173
Q

Astigmatism

A

A misshapen curvature of the cornea that creates a defect in the refraction powers of the eye and the light is not focused on the retina correctly.

174
Q

Audio gram

A

Record of hearing

175
Q

Auditory

A

Pertaining to the sense of hearing

176
Q

Blepharitis

A

Inflammation of the hair follicles along the edge of the eyelids

177
Q

Blepharoptosis

A

Drooping of the upper eyelids

178
Q

Cerumen

A

Earwax, secreted in the external auditory canal

179
Q

Ceruminolytic

A

Any substance that is put into the external auditory canal to soften ear wax

180
Q

Chalazion

A

Small, hard and painless cyst of the sebaceous gland of the eyelids

181
Q

Corneal

A

Pertaining to the cornea

182
Q

Diplopia

A

Double vision

183
Q

Endolymph

A

Clear fluid contained within the inner ear

184
Q

Entropion

A

Turning inward of the margin of the lower eyelid

185
Q

Equilibrium

A

State of balance

186
Q

Esotropia

A

Condition where one or both eyes turn inward, crossed eyes

187
Q

Exotropia

A

Turning outward of one or both eyes

188
Q

Hemianopia

A

Blindness of half of the visual field

189
Q

Hyperopia

A

Farsightedness

190
Q

Intraocular

A

Pertaining to within the eye

191
Q

Iridotomy

A

A procedure to create a hole in the iris

192
Q

Keratitis

A

Inflammation of the cornea

193
Q

Keratoplasty

A

Surgical repair of the cornea

194
Q

Labyrinth

A

The inner ear

195
Q

Labyrinthectomy

A

Surgical excision of the labyrinth

196
Q

Lacrimal

A

Pertaining to the tears

197
Q

Macular degeneration

A

Severe loss of central vision but the peripheral vision is preserved

198
Q

Mastoiditis

A

Inflammation of the mastoid bones

199
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness

200
Q

Myringectomy

A

Surgical excision and f the tympanic membrane

201
Q

Myringoplasty

A

Surgical repair of the tympanic membrane

202
Q

Myringotomy

A

Surgical incision of the tympanic membrane to remove fluid from the ear

203
Q

Nystagmus

A

Involuntary constant rhythmic movement of the eyeball

204
Q

Ocular

A

Pertaining to the eye

205
Q

Ophthalmoscope

A

Instrument used to exam the interior of the eye

206
Q

Optic

A

Pertaining to the eye

207
Q

Otalgia

A

Ear pain

208
Q

Otic

A

Pertaining to the ear

209
Q

Otitis

A

Inflammation of the ear

210
Q

Otopharyngeal

A

Pertaining to the ear and the pharynx

211
Q

Otoplasty

A

Surgical repair of the ear

212
Q

Otopyorrhea

A

Pus in the ear

213
Q

Otoscope

A

Medical instrument used to examine the ear

214
Q

Perilymph

A

Serum fluid of the inner ear

215
Q

Photophobia

A

Intolerance to light

216
Q

Presbycusis

A

Impairment of hearing that occurs with aging.

217
Q

Presbyopia

A

Farsightedness

218
Q

Pupillary

A

Pertaining to the pupil

219
Q

Retinitis

A

Inflammation of the retina

220
Q

Retinopathy

A

Any disease of the retina

221
Q

Scleritis

A

Inflammation of the sclera

222
Q

Strabismus

A

Squinting

223
Q

Stye

A

Inflammation of one or more sebaceous glands of the eyelids. Also called a hordeolum.

224
Q

Tinnitus

A

Sensation of ringing in one or both ears

225
Q

Tympanectomy

A

Surgical excision of the tympanic membrane

226
Q

Tympanic

A

Pertaining to the tympanic membrane

227
Q

Tympanitis

A

Inflammation of the eardrum

228
Q

Xenophthalmia

A

Inflamed condition of the eye caused by a foreign body

229
Q

Xerophthalmia

A

Dryness of the conjunctiva

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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