Chapter 7 Davis Flashcards
- The unit of contraction in a muscle fiber
sarcomere
The very large extensor of the thigh
gluteus maximus
Transmits action potential for contraction
sarcolemma
Integrates unconscious muscle sense
cerebellum
State of slight contraction of muscles
muscle tone
Dome-shaped respiratory muscle
diaphragm
Neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junctions
acetylcholine
Releases the energy of A T P
myosin
Why are muscle actions grouped in such pairs?
Muscle actions are grouped in pairs, because a muscle can only pull a bone, not push. A muscle pulls in one direction. Another muscle is needed to pull in the opposite direction.
These are antagonistic functions or pairs of opposites.
Most muscle actions are in pairs:
Flexion—
extension
Most muscle actions are in pairs:
Abduction—
adduction
Most muscle actions are in pairs:
Inversion—
eversion
Most muscle actions are in pairs:
Pronation—
supination
the inability of muscles to contract
Paralysis
In response to a single nerve impulse, a muscle fiber will contract completely (all of the sarcomeres contract) and then relax
Twitch
The functions of the muscular system are to:
- Move the skeleton
- Produce heat
Name the tissues that make up the parts of the muscular system.
The skeletal muscles are made of skeletal muscle tissue, also called striated or voluntary muscle tissue.
Tendons are made of fibrous connective tissue.
The fascia around each muscle is also made of fibrous connective tissue.
Tendons are made of
fibrous connective tissue.
The fascia around each muscle is made of
fibrous connective tissue
The organ systems directly necessary for movement are the:
- Skeletal system
- Nervous system
- Respiratory system
- Circulatory system
The skeletal system is moved by
muscles
The nervous system transmits
electrochemical impulses to muscles.
The respiratory system exchanges O2 and C O2 between
the air and the blood.
The circulatory system transports
O2 to muscles and takes C O2 away.
One muscle is made of thousands of
muscle fibers.
Muscle fibers
contract, shorten, and bring about movement.
Tendons attach muscles to
bone
A tendon merges with
the fascia of the muscle and the periosteum of the bone.
the state of slight contraction present in healthy muscles; regulated by the cerebellum
Muscle Tone
the direct source
A T P
for the resynthesis of A T P
Creatine phosphate
a nitrogenous waste product.
Creatinine
most abundant, stored in muscles
•First broken down to glucose
•Glucose + O2 C O2 + H2O + A T P + heat
Glycogen
What happens to each of the products of cell respiration?
C O2 is exhaled.
Water becomes part of intracellular fluid.
A T P is used for the contraction process.
Heat contributes to body temperature.
Name the cell organelle that is the site of cell respiration.
The mitochondria are the sites of cell respiration.
The brain creates a mental picture:
Unconscious muscle sense is essential for
coordination in the cerebellum