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9th grade > Cellular Respirarion > Flashcards

Cellular Respirarion Flashcards

1
Q

heterotrophs

A

organisms that ingest food to obtain energy

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2
Q

autotrophs

A

organisms that make their own food

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3
Q

granum

A

a singular stack of thylakoids

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4
Q

thylakoids

A

flattened saclike membranes that help absorb sunlight

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5
Q

Where a pigments found?

A

thylakoids

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6
Q

Calvin cycle

A

The 2nd stage of photosynthesis in which energy is stored in organic molecules such as glucose

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7
Q

Lactic acid fermentation

A

when enzymes convert the pyruvate made during glycosis into lactic acid

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8
Q

______ provide space for a large number of electron transporting molecules and photo systems

A

Thylakoids

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9
Q

Where do cramps come from?

A

Lactic acid fermentation

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10
Q

Where does lactic acid fermentation take place?

A

Cytoplasm

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11
Q

aerobic

A

requires oxygen

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12
Q

photosynthesis

A

the process that autotrophs use that converts light energy into chemical energy

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13
Q

What is photosynthesis’s ultimate product?

A

Sugar molecule

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14
Q

What are the 2 phases of photosynthesis?

A

Light dependent and light independent

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15
Q

chloroplasts

A

organelles that capture light energy that contain thylakoids and stroma

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16
Q

glycosis

A

the anaerobic process when glucose is broken down in the cytoplasm

17
Q

krebs

A

an aerobic cycle of reactions in which pyruvate is broken down into carbon dioxide

18
Q

What is krebs’s purpose?

A

to modify the molecules

19
Q

alcohol fermentation

A

the process that converts pyruvate into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide in yeast and some bacteria

20
Q

cellular respiration

A

the process by which organisms obtain energy by using glucose to produce ATP

21
Q

Where does cellular respiration occur?

A

The mitochondria

22
Q

electron carriers

A

molecules that can accept an electron from an electron donor and donate electrons to another carrier during electron transport

23
Q

Where do we find electron carriers in photosynthesis?

A

In phase 1 of photosynthesis when electrons are transferred to photosystem 1, then to ferredoxin, then to NADP+

24
Q

NADP+ becomes NADPH when it carries __________

A

An electron

25
Q

Where do we find electron carriers in cellular respiration?

A

In the Krebs cycle, it occurs in the mitochondria to further break down the molecule.

26
Q

What are the products of photosynthesis?

A

Oxygen and glucose

27
Q

What are the products of cellular respiration?

A

Water, carbon dioxide, and ATP

28
Q

What are the waste products of photosynthesis?

A

Oxygen, gas, and O2

29
Q

What are the waste products of cellular respiration?

A

Carbon dioxide and water

30
Q

Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into __________

A

Glucose

31
Q

Where do light-independent reactions take place?

A

In the stroma during the Calvin cycle

32
Q

What is the product of the Calvin cycle?

A

Glucose and oxygen

33
Q

What are the stages of cellular respiration?

A

Glucose molecules are broken —> 2 pyruvate enter krebs —> converted to acetyl coa —> converted to citrate —> 8 turns, modified for maximum ATP —> electrons transported, breaking down molecules, 36 - 38 ATP is released

34
Q

What is the chemical formula for cellular respiration?

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 ——> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

35
Q

What does cellular respiration need to break down to release energy?

A

Glucose

36
Q

What is the net gain of glycosis?

A

2 ATP

37
Q

What is the starting molecule of krebs?

A

2 pyruvate

38
Q

What are two molecules that pass high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain?

A

NADH and FADH2

9th grade (10 decks)

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