Superficial Fungal Infections Flashcards
What is the most common pathogen of vulvovaginal candidiasis?
Candida albicans
Risk factors for vulvovaginal candidiasis
Initial sexual activity
Oral-genital contact
Contraceptive agents
Antibiotic use
Diabetes mellitus
Immunosuppression
Pregnancy
True or false: There is no difference in cure rates between oral and topical azole products
True
(Oral/topical) azoles recommended in pregnant patients
Topical
Usual treatment length for uncomplicated VVC
1-7 days
Usual treatment length for complicated VVC
10-14 days
Recurrent VVC definition
3 or more episodes in less than 12 months
Antifungal resistant VVC is usually caused by which organism?
Candida glabrata
Ibrexafungerp CI and warning
CI in pregnancy. Major substrate of CYP3A4, avoid coadministration with CYP3A4 inhibitors
Oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis risk factors
Corticosteroids
Cytotoxic agents
PPIs
Antibiotics
Environmental chemicals
(benzene/pesticides)
Poor dental hygiene
Dentures
Xerostomia
Smoking
Immunosuppressant therapy
Young infants (< 18 mo) and the
elderly (> 60 yrs)
HIV/AIDS
Diabetes
Thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal
dysfunction
Cancer and radiation therapy
Nutritional deficiencies
Treatment options for mild oropharyngeal candidiasis
. Clotrimazole troche 10mg 5 times daily x 7-14 days
. Miconazole mucoadhesive buccal tablet 50mg daily x 7-14 days
. Nystatin suspension for patients with dry mouth
Treatment options for moderate-severe oropharyngeal candidiasis
. Fluconazole tab po 100-200mg QD x 7-14 days (preferred)
. Itraconazole 10mg/ml sol 200mg QD up to 28 days
.Posaconazole, voriconazole, or amphotericin B may also be used
True or false: Esophageal candidiasis always requires systemic treatment
True
Usual treatment length for esophageal candidiasis
14-21 days. May need 21-28 days for fluconazole refractory infections
Which agent is preferred in pregnant patients with esophageal cadidiasis?
Amphotericin B
