Reactivity series checkpoint

Question 1

What are the products of the reactions of metals and acid?

Answer 1

Salt and hydrogen are the products of metals and acids.

Only metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series can do this.

Question 2

What is a salt?

Answer 2

A salt is a product that is produced from neutralisation reactions and reactions with metals. Salts are ionic compounds made up of a positive ion and a negative ion.

Question 3

How do you name a salt?

Answer 3

The first part of the name is from the metal. The second part comes from the acid:

If you use hydrochloric acid then the salt will end in chloride.

If you use sulfuric acid then the salt will end in sulfate.

If you use nitric acid then the salt will end in nitrate.

Question 4

Metal + Acid ———->

Answer 4

———->Salt + Hydrogen

Metal, Acid, Salt, Hydrogen

(MASH)

Question 5

Metal carbonate + Acid ———->

Answer 5

———-> Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide

Carbonate, Acid, Water, Carbon Dioxide ,Salt

(CAWCS)

Question 6

Metal oxide + Acid ——–>

Answer 6

——> Water + Salt

Base
Acid
Water
Salt

(BAWS)

Question 7

Magnesium + sulfuric acid —–>

Answer 7

Magnesium + sulfuric acid —> Magnesium sulfate + hydrogen

Question 8

copper oxide + nitric acid —->

Answer 8

copper oxide + nitric acid —-> copper nitride + water

Question 9

copper carbonate + hydrochloric acid —->

Answer 9

copper carbonate + hydrochloric acid –>
copper chloride + carbon dioxide + water

Question 10

What is the test for hydrogen?

Answer 10

Using a lighted splint

The result will be a squeaky pop sound if hydrogen is present.

Question 11

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

Answer 11

Using limewater

Limewater will become cloudy if carbon dioxide is present.

Question 12

What is a displacement reaction?

Answer 12

A displacement reaction is where a more reactive substance displaces (pushes out) the less reactive substance from its compound. e.g) a more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its compound.

Question 13

What is the reactivity series of metals?

Answer 13

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Hydrogen
Copper
Silver
Gold
Platinum

Elements in bold are non-metals but are still included.

The reactivity series shows the most reactive metal to the least reactive metal. It is a useful list as we can work out what displacement reactions can occur. For example, zinc can displace iron form its compound. However, copper cannot displace zinc form its compound

Question 14

What is the significance of carbon and hydrogen in the reactivity series?

Answer 14

Metals above carbon are usually extracted through electrolysis. Metals below carbon are extracted using carbon.

Metals below hydrogen do not react with acids.

Question 15

Word equation for the reaction of group 1 metals with water:

Answer 15

Metal + water —> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Example of this could be (word equation):
Potassium + water —> Potassium hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 16

Which metals are more reactive than carbon?

Answer 16

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium

*Hint - they all end in -ium

Question 17

Which metals are less reactive than Hydrogen?

Answer 17

Copper
Silver
Gold
Platinum

Question 18

Complete this equation of a group 1 metal (potassium) with water

2K + 2H2O —->

Answer 18

—-> 2KOH +H2

Question 19

Mixing copper oxide with sulfuric acid gives a solution of copper sulfide salt and water. How could you prepare a sample of dry copper sulfide crystals?

Answer 19

1. filter the solution to get rid of any excess solids
2. Using an evaporating dish and a bunsen burner, heat the filtrate (the liquid) gently to evaporate the water
3. Remove from the heat and leave it to dry completely.

Question 20

Why are gold, platinum and silver ofter used in jewellery?

Answer 20

They are unreactive

Question 21

Answer 21

Magnesium is the most reactive so it displaces the other two elements