Terminology - Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

Agglomeration

A

A group of similar, but not necessarily the same, land uses that locate in the same area in order to benefit from common infrastructure and each other’s operations. Examples include most major shopping centres and industrial areas.

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2
Q

Aggregation

A

A group of similar and related land uses that locate in the same area in order to achieve an economic benefit.

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3
Q

Anthropogenic Biome

A

Biomes that are the result of sustained direct human interactions with ecosystems.

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4
Q

Biodiversity

A

The type, number and variety of living organisms within a given environment.

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5
Q

Biodiversity Loss

A

The extinction of species (plant or animal) worldwide, and also the local reduction or loss of species in a certain habitat.

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6
Q

Biodiversity Hotspot

A

Areas that support natural ecosystems that are largely intact and where native species and communities associated with these ecosystems are well represented.

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7
Q

Biome

A

A community of lifeforms adapted to a large natural area.

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8
Q

Climate

A

The long term average weather conditions for a location, calculated over long periods of time. It is measured from long-term precipitation and temperature patterns, and is often expressed as monthly or seasonal averages

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9
Q

Climate Change

A

The long term change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods of time that range from decades to millions of years. It may be a change in the average weather condition or a change in the distribution of weather events with respect to an average; for example, greater or fewer extreme weather events.

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10
Q

Ecosystem

A

A community of plants and animals in a non-living environment.

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11
Q

Globalisation

A

The increased interconnectedness and interdependence of people and countries resulting from the expanding integration of trade, finance, people, and ideas in one global marketplace. Advancements in technology, communication, science, transport and industry have accelerated the pace of this integration over the past few decades.

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12
Q

Heat Budget

A

The eventual balance between heat energy reaching Earth as short-wave radiation (insolation) with the amount of heat energy emitted by Earth into space as long-wave terrestrial radiation.

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13
Q

Inertia

A

Resistance to movement; for example, factories that would benefit from changing location but instead decisions are made to keep them where they are located.

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14
Q

Invasion and Succession

A

Refers to the gradual invasion of one land use type into an area dominated by a different land use. Succession has occurred when the invading land use has almost completely transformed the land use in that particular area.

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15
Q

Liveability

A

The quality of space and the built environment. The concept of liveability has been linked to a range of factors; for example, quality of life, health, sense of safety, access to services, cost of living, comfortable living standards, mobility and transport, air quality and social participation.

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16
Q

Natural Biomes

A

Biomes which have not had sustained, direct human interactions.

17
Q

Sustainability

A

Meeting the needs of current and future generations through simultaneous environmental, social and economic adaptation and improvement.

18
Q

Urban Blight

A

The process by which a previously functioning city, or part of a city, falls into disrepair and decrepitude due to neglect and/or age.

19
Q

Urban Renewal

A

The rehabilitation of urban areas by regeneration, replacement, repair or renovation, in accordance with comprehensive plans, typically larger-scale redevelopment projects, usually initiated by government.

20
Q

Urban Sprawl

A

Refers to the outward spread of typically low-density residential and urban development on the periphery of urban areas.

21
Q

Urbanisation/The Process of

A

The proportion of people living in urban areas compared to rural areas. The process or urbanisation refers to the increasing percentage or proportion of a population living in urban areas of a country. This typically involves the movement or shift of people from rural to urban areas or a large influx of migrants into urban areas at a greater rate than into rural areas.

22
Q

Vertical Zonation

A

This occurs where different functions are located at different levels within a high-rise building, according to factors such as the need for pedestrian access and views across the city landscape.