14.4 Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

Question 1

Average kidney has

Answer 1

1-2 trillion nephrons

Question 2

Nephrons are not all working at 100%

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

Answer 3

Sits between the arterioles,
Cell wall sitting against them is macula densa (spot), they are monociliated to sense flow rates & osmolarity.

Patch of cells between the arterioles (granular cells or juxtaglomerular cells)

Question 4

Macula densa releases

Answer 4

Autocrine hormone: ATP

Acts as signal for vasoconstriction, vasodilation of the arterioles (therefore flow rate to nephron)

Question 5

Granular cells release

Answer 5

Renin which activates angiotensinogen

Becomes angiotensin I & II. (ACE activated), triggers aldosterone from adrenal cortex causing increase reabsorption of sodium & water

Triggers vasoconstriction, raising MAP

Question 6

Granular cells release

Answer 6

Renin which activates angiotensinogen

Becomes angiotensin I & II. (ACE activated), triggers aldosterone from adrenal cortex causing increase reabsorption of sodium & water

Triggers vasoconstriction, raising MAP

Question 7

Granular cells release

Answer 7

Renin which activates angiotensinogen

Becomes angiotensin I & II. (ACE activated), triggers aldosterone from adrenal cortex causing increase reabsorption of sodium & water

Triggers vasoconstriction, raising MAP