Test Prep 2 Flashcards
Who does Herman argue was the most influential thinker of the Enlightenment?
John Locke
Enlightenment thinkers rejected Plato completely. (T/F)
True
Which one of the following was NOT an idea of the Enlightenment? (pgs. 364-365)
A.
Man is an individual.
B.
Man was a part of the Great Chain of Being.
C.
The way to understand the world is through observation and analysis.
D.
The key to happiness is understanding how the world works.
B)
What did Locke believe about knowledge?
Humans come to the world with a blank slate and learn through experience.
According to Locke, how do we know if what we think about the world is actually true?
If it bears practical fruit
According to Enlightenment thinkers, slave labor was cheaper than willing labor. (T/F)
False
What new moral perspective emerged during the Enlightenment?
The idea of politeness
Which city was dubbed the “Athens of the North”?
Edinburgh
Who helped create the first theory of human progress?
Kames
Which of the following is one of the four stages of human progress?
The agrarian stage
Which stage was considered the highest of human growth?
Commercial
According the Enlightenment thinkers, commerce is what allows for liberty. (T/F)
True
According to Herman, what was David Hume’s most important contribution?
The idea of self-interest
Who wrote the famous book An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations?
Adam Smith
The Wealth of Nations is purely a work on economics. (T/F)
False
Why did Jean-Jacques Rousseau move to France?
He was trying to become famous
Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that the world needed to be delivered from what?
Enlightenment and art
Who was Rousseau’s mentor/teacher?
He was self-taught
In Rousseau’s world, natural man is _______ and civilized man is ______.
Strong, virile, and altruistic; weak, effeminate, and greedy.
The main thrust of (Rousseau’s) Platonic critique of his age boils down to two simple propositions: capitalism brings out the worst in us…(and) if men are to be happy, love of self must be replaced by the love of community. (T/F)
True
What “will” did Rousseau believe each person should comply with because it is “his true, better self”?
General will
Rousseau believed that virtue and reason go together and support each other. (T/F)
False
What was Kant’s vision for the world?
A single cosmopolitan culture and a single world government.
Rousseau believed that Christianity played a vital role in helping men and women be moral and free. (T/F)
False