45. Atopy

Question 1

definition of atopy

Answer 1

genetically inherited predisposition to anaphylactic or allergic diseases

Question 2

dog atopy name

Answer 2

CAD - canine atopic dermatitis

Question 3

what is the hereditary aspect of CAD

Answer 3

disposition to develop pruritic inflammatory skin disease associated with IgE antibodies

Question 4

what do IgE antibodies target

Answer 4

typically environmental allergens

Question 5

predisposition to CAD

Answer 5

dogs > cats
6months - 3yrs
westie
lab
g shepherd etc

Question 6

clinical signs of feline atopy

Answer 6

generalised pruritus
miliary dermatitis like lesions
symmetric alopecia
facial pruritis
prurititc ears
indolent ulcer

Question 7

pathogenesis of feline atopy

Answer 7

1. Percutaneous sensitisation to environmental allergens and/or allergens from food
2. Induced skin infiltration by various inflammatory cells
3. Activation of resident cells
4. Local production of inflammatory/itch mediators

Question 8

allergens

Answer 8

ectoparasites - fleas
environmental factors
cutaneous bacterial colonisation or infection
epidermal barrier dysnfunction

Question 9

environmental allergens

Answer 9

mites
dander
pollen
fungi
mould
feathers

Question 10

forms of atopy

Answer 10

atopic dermatitis
atopic rhinitis
atopic conjunctivitis

Question 11

clinical signs of atopy

Answer 11

pruritus
secondary skin lesions
seborrhoea
lichenification
erythema
pyoderma
papules

Question 12

diagnosis of atopy

Answer 12

nb to exclude differentials

Question 13

what to establish if you suspect CAD

Answer 13

age of onset
seasonality of clinical signs
pruritis with no skin changes at onset
family/ breed
previous response to gcc

Question 14

contraindication of allergy testing

Answer 14

for diagnosing CAD

Question 15

allergy testing types

Answer 15

intradermal skin testing
IgE testing

Question 16

criteria for atopy facts

Answer 16

favrot’s criteria
need 5/8 fulfilled

Question 17

8 criteria

Answer 17

Onset of signs < 3 years of age
Dog living mostly indoors
Glucocorticoid-responsive pruritis
Pruritis sine materia at onset (Ø dermatitis)
Affected front feet
Affected ear pinnae
Non-affected ear margins
Non-affected dorsolumbar area

Question 18

treatment of cad

Answer 18

requires multifocal approach to decrease pruritus and inflammation
ID flare factors
use topical or systemic treatment to decreased p and i

Question 19

flare factor examples

Answer 19

fleabite hypersensitivity
bacterial overgrowth
environmental allergens
fleas
yeast overgrowth
food allergens

Question 20

symptomatic treatment of atopy

Answer 20

gcc and pred long term
cyclosporine
apoquel - oclacitinib

Question 21

topical treatment of atopy

Answer 21

shampoo, spray, spot on, cream , gel

Question 22

other treatment of atopy

Answer 22

antihistamine
vitamins
essential FAs
non - specific immunotherapy
desensitisation - allergy vaccines