ch 4: reproduction Flashcards
What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells?
Haploid cells are sex cells with only one chromosome from each pair. Diploid cells are body cells that have pairs of chromosomes.
Why is meiosis important?
It gives us reproduction cells.
How are mitosis and meiosis different?
Mitosis- Body cells
Meiosis- sex cells
What are the advantages/disadvantages of sexual reproduction?
Advantages:
Genetic variation
Selective breeding
More diverse population
Disadvantages:
Takes extra time and energy
Have to find mates
Has limited factors
Types of Asexual Reproduction:
Fission
Mitotic Cell Division
Budding
Animal Regeneration
Vegetative Reproduction
Cloning
What are the advantages/disadvantages of asexual reproduction?
Advantages:
enables organisms to reproduce without a mate
enables some organisms to rapidly reproduce
Disadvantages:
Produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
Less chance of surviving if the environment changes
Genetic changes (mutations) can occur which can affect the offspring’s ability to survive
egg
the female sex cell that forms in an ovary
sperm
male sex cell that forms in a testis
fertilization
the process through which an egg and a sperm cell join
zygote
the new cell that forms from fertilization
diploid cells
cells that have pairs of chromosomes
homologous chromosomes
pairs of chromosomes that have genes for the same traits arranged in the same order
haploid cells
cells that have only one chromosome from each pair
meiosis
one diploid cell divides and makes four haploid cells
fission
cell division in prokaryotes that forms two genetically identical cells
