repro 2

Question 1

what do we mean by repro management

Answer 1

Reproductive Management has a different meaning
based on what species or production system it is in: Milk Production vs Meat Production vs Replacement Stock Production. Breeder/Show/Sport vs Companion

Question 2

when hormones go bad…

Answer 2

recall cylcles of fertilities and hormones

Question 3

puberty

Answer 3

Acquisition of reproductive competency, also associated with behavioral changes in males and females

Question 4

male puberty

Answer 4

Aggression, territorial, muscle deposition, searching for females, mounting activity (libido)

Question 5

female puberty

Answer 5

Estrus behavior. Increased vocalization, nervous/aggression, searching for males, vocalization, standing to be mounted by males (“lordosis”)
Where do the major sex hormones come from?

Question 6

cattle

Answer 6

bull, steer cow, cow

Question 7

sheep

Answer 7

ram, wether, ewe, ewe

Question 8

goat

Answer 8

buck/billy, wether, nanny/doe, nanny/doe

Question 9

horse

Answer 9

stallion/stud, gelding, mare/brood mare, mare

Question 10

swine

Answer 10

boar, barrow, sow, sow

Question 11

poultry (chicken/turkey)

Answer 11

rooster/tom, capon, hen, hen

Question 12

dog

Answer 12

sire, neutered, bitch, spayed

Question 13

cat

Answer 13

stud/tom, neutered, dame, spayed

Question 14

when to remove hormone influences and why females

Answer 14

Females: Mostly done in either animals destined to be companions (pets), or in meat production during finishing. Remove disruptive behaviors associated with estrus activity, Remove possibility of unwanted pregnancy (companion animals

Question 15

when to remove hormone influences and why males

Answer 15

Males: Depends on production outcomes
Meat production – removes libido and allows easier handling (less aggressive) – some species
improves carcass characteristic (Capon)
Companion animal – removes libido and territorial behaviors - less aggressive animal
Sport Animal – in addition to those for companion animal modifies growth rate/muscle
deposition that impacts performance
Both – animal not destined to reproduce in a production/breeding situation

Question 16

seman in AV is evaluated for…

Answer 16

cell number, motility, live/dead, morphology

Question 17

pedometer based systems….

Answer 17

detect estrus for us

Question 18

follicles produce…

Answer 18

estrogen

Question 19

estrogen is produced in response to…

Answer 19

FSH from pituitary which is produced by LH which is produced by GnRh from hypothalamus

Question 20

we use reproductive hormones…

Answer 20

to time ovulation/ estrus.
Give GnRH/LH (Desorlein/Cystorelin) –> Give Progesterone (CIDR)
Give Prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2A;
Estrumate/Luteolyse) –> Cause Ovulation & CL formation
Delay ovulation (mimic CL/Pregnancy) –> Regress CL early, shorten cycle

Question 21

natural vs shorten cycles

Answer 21

21 days or 10 days

Question 22

tech for females

Answer 22

allows them to have as much offspring as males do, but it costs more to produce oocyte then sperm

Question 23

super ovulation

Answer 23

to increase the number of follicles, increased from 1 calf/year to 50+

Question 24

larger sex chromosomes…

Answer 24

have more DNA

Question 25

production of sexed semen

Answer 25

orting performed under high pressure
 Rate = 8K-40K live sperm of each sex/second!!!!!!!!
 Pod of Genesis III machines = 500 million cells/hour
 To obtain 6 million sperm (1 dose of semen for 1 cow) at 10,000
sperm/sec requires a 10-min wait (600,000 sperm/min)!!!!
 Sorting efficiency is not necessarily complimentary
 Sorting efficiency is ~10/11% for each sex,
 e.g., if 100 sperm were started thru a sort, 22 sperm would survive, 11 X and 11 Y
 90% Accuracy X-bearing Spermatozoa
 Mostly cattle but also sheep, goats, some horses and deer. Still working
on swine

Question 26

traditional vs sexed seman

Answer 26

traditional life span is 6.5-7 years, with sexed seman every bull as a likelihood of producing a superior offspring

Question 27

repro history ad physical exam

Answer 27

age, body deposition, disease, observed interactions, location of testes, epididymis location, scrotal cicumfrance, penis and prepuce

Question 28

undefended testes

Answer 28

cryptorchid, in bulls testes should be symmetrical in size smooth, resilient, and freely moveable in scrotum

Question 29

epididymis

Answer 29

should be in proper location for species and free of masses