Advanced Professionalism

Question 1

What is the difference between a leader and a manager?

Answer 1

Managers wield official power and are expected to act in the interest of the organization first.

Leaders do not necessarily wield official power, and focus on increasing effectiveness.

Question 2

What are the three types of leadership structures?

Answer 2

Autocratic - one person wields decision power, others act on their orders.

Laissez-faire - discretion is given to each individual to carry out or not as they see fit

Democratic - actions are voted upon by many to decide their merit and implementation

Question 3

What is the difference between transactional and transformational leadership theories?

Answer 3

Transactional leadership is task-oriented, with strict management structure and control.

Transformational leadership is focused on inspiring others to follow. Requires high cooperation and communication.

Question 4

What are the functions of a manager?

Answer 4

Planning - philosophy, goals, objectives.
Organizing - structure and execution.
Staffing - recruitment, hiring, scheduling, etc.
Directing - resource management, motivation, conflict resolution, communication.
Controlling - performance appraisal, legal, ethics, finance.

Question 5

Describe a matrix organization.

Answer 5

Employees report to multiple leaders. Promotes cross-collaboration. Focuses on both product and function.

Question 6

What are some examples of internal stakeholders in an organization?

Answer 6

Employees, physicians, patients and families, union stewards, board of directors.

Question 7

What are some examples of external stakeholders in an organization?

Answer 7

Schools of nursing, home health agencies, insurance companies, unions, etc.

Question 8

What is case method nursing?

Answer 8

Nurse assumes total responsibility for all pt needs during the shift. Extremely demanding.

Question 9

Describe a clinical nurse leader.

Answer 9

An “advanced generalist” who creates and manages microsystems.

Question 10

Describe a clinical nurse specialist.

Answer 10

Advanced practice nurse with an area of specialty. Can be ICU, ED, Psych, Oncology, Peds, etc.

Question 11

What is the difference between a clinical nurse specialist and a clinical nurse leader?

Answer 11

CNL = quality and process improvement across the whole team.

CNS = progresses policy, procedure, and care within specialty.

Question 12

What are the three general system levles?

Answer 12

Microsystyem - unit or group working together to provide care.

Macrosystem - large organizations such as hospitals, SNFs, clinics, etc. Composed of microsystems.

Megasystem - generally, US healthcare.

Question 13

Describe population based healthcare.

Question 14

What is disease management?

Answer 14

A targeted approach to managing high cost chronic illnesses that emphasizes efficiency, early detection, and intervention.

Question 15

What is the most common cause of medical error?

Answer 15

Systemic insufficiencies.

Question 16

What is the difference between quality assurance and quality control?

Answer 16

QA is proactive (process improvement), QC is reactive (screening product).

Question 17

What are the three kinds of audits?

Answer 17

Outcome - is desired outcome achieved?

Process - how was the process done? Was it done properly?

Structure - is the resource usage and allocation effective? Can it be improved?

Question 18

Describe the cyclic quality improvement model.

Answer 18

Identify area needing improvement.
Outline steps necessary to solve the problem.
Implement solutions.
Evaluate effectiveness.
If problem still exists, repeat cycle.

Question 19

Describe the lean quality improvement model.

Answer 19

A model designed to improve efficiency and eliminate waste. Involves root cause analysis after incidents and use of empirical data and statistical rigor to improve processes.

Question 20

What is important to know about the joint commission?

Answer 20

Independent nonprofit developed to improve healthcare delivery via standardized performance evaluation.

Question 21

What is the role of a case manager?

Answer 21

Promote quality cost effective outcomes by assessment, planning, facilitation, and advocacy for a pt and their health needs via communication and access to resources.

Question 22

Why are mission statements important?

Answer 22

Identifies an organization’s values and goals.

Question 23

What is the lean quality improvment model also known as?

Answer 23

Toyota Production System (TPS)

Question 24

What is Lean Six Sigma?

Answer 24

A quality improvement approach focusing on defect prevention over defect detection.