Unit 4 Flashcards
After a barium sulfate contrast study, what instructions should be given to the patient?
Patients should have Solu-Medrol (methylprednisolone) prescribed to them in case they have an allergic reaction to the contrast 8 hours after the exam.
Patients should take nitrogylcerin to dilate the structures of the gastrointestinal system.
Drink plenty of liquids to avoid a bowel obstruction from the residual barium.
Be sure to eat a fatty meal to increase motility of the digestive system.
Drink plenty of liquids to avoid a bowel obstruction from the residual barium.
Which of the following is considered a negative contrast agent?
Carbon dioxide
Renografin
Isovue
Carbon dioxide
Contrast media that dissociates in solution is classified as:
None of these
Ionic
Nonionic
Isosmolar
Ionic
Contrast media that are nonionic, have low osmolality with a low iodine concentration, and are injected slowly tend:
to cause extravasations
to produce hygroscopic effects
to produce higher adverse reactions
to produce less adverse reactions
to produce less adverse reactions
Which item would be included in the bowel prep for an Upper GI exam?
Cleansing enema
NPO for more than 24 hours prior to the exam
Avoid chewing gum
Avoid chewing gum
The characteristic of contrast media that most describes the “thickness” or “thinness” of the contrast media is:
viscosity
osmolality
iodine concentration
toxicity
viscosity
A VCUG exam is useful for diagnosing _______
pelvis of the kidneys
urethral obstruction for males
cecum resection
small bowel obstruction
urethral obstruction for males
Which of the following body position is best for insertion of the enema tip?
Supine with feet below the level of the patient’s head
Sims position
The patient is placed prone and both knees are drawn close to the patient’s chest.
Trendelenberg position
Sims position
Which of the following listings is the most reliable predictor of risk of allergic response to contrast media?
Intradermal skin test
Seafood allergy
Allergy history
BUN level
Allergy history
Aqueous iodine compounds that are injected into the body are removed from the blood and excreted
in urine via the kidneys.
in bile via the digestive tract.
in gaseous form via the respiratory tract.
as components of sweat.
in urine via the kidneys.
What can be utilized to differentiate and enhance visualization of soft tissue structures with similar densities?
Contrast media
Methylcellulose
Epinephrine
Cleansing enema
Contrast media
ERCP stands for
-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
-external reciprocal cholangiopancreatography
-ethiodol-related circulatory pathology.
-enteroclysis retrograde catheterization and paracentesis.
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
Which of the following lab values are within normal range for IV iodinated contrast media administration?
1. BUN 10 mg/dL
2. Creatinine 2.0 mg/dL
3. GFR 100
3 only
1 and 3
None of these lab values are within acceptable limits
1, 2 and 3
1 and 3
BUN: 6-20 mg/dL
Creatinine: 0.6-1.5 mg/dL
GFR: 90-120 mL/min/1.73 m^2
True or False
Iodinated contrast is described as hygroscopic.
False
Barium sulfate is hygroscopic (absorbs water, can solidify)
Iodinated contrast is described as aqueous.
During a barium enema exam, what is the recommended level the barium enema bag containing barium should be placed?
18 inches above the table
12-15 inches above the table
18 inches below the table
24-30 inches above the table
24-30 inches above the table
When a contrast medium is described as aqueous, this means that
it is in the form of a gas and provides negative contrast.
water is the principal solvent for the iodine compound.
it is a nonionic iodinated medium
the medium is isosmolar.
water is the principal solvent for the iodine compound.
An intrathecal injection is a direct injection into the
common bile duct.
spinal canal.
peritoneal cavity.
urinary bladder.
spinal canal
A T-Tube is primarily used for _____.
Inject contrast to visualize the pelvis of the kidneys
Visualize a fistula in the common bile duct
As a drain for bile until the postsurgical edema in the common bile duct heals
Draining the chest cavity
As a drain for bile until the postsurgical edema in the common bile duct heals
T-Tube- flexible rubber tube is about the size of a drinking straw in the shape of a T, is sometimes left temprarily in the patient after surgical cholecystectomy (removal of gallbladder)
Which contrast media and route is most appropriate to carry out a myelogram exam?
Barium sulfate for intrathecal use
Iodinated contrast media for intrathecal use
Air or carbon dioxide for rectal use
Iodinated contrast media for enteral use
Iodinated contrast media for intrathecal use
Myelogram- an examination using contrast media to visualize the internal surfaces of the spinal canal.
An abnormal passageway connecting two structures is known as a(n):
bolus
dysphagia
fistula
stricture
fistula
Radiographers working in the OR:
1. are required to wear sterile scrub clothes
2. are required to wear a hair cover that covers their head and beard (if present)
3. are required to wear a mask covering the mouth and nose
1, 2, and 3
2 and 3
1 and 3
1 only
2 and 3
How should a non-sterile surgical team member pass by a team member dressed in sterile attire?
Pass behind them
Only team members wearing sterile attire may pass by one another.
Pass in front of them
Non-sterile members may not pass by team members in sterile attire.
Pass behind them
A KUB has been ordered for an ICU patient. How should the radiographer carry out this exam?
1. The technologist needs to speak with the nurse and inquire about any necessary precautions.
2. The technologist will need a portable x-ray machine, IR, and portable grid.
3. The technologist needs to confirm the bottom of the bed is radiolucent.
1 only
1, 2 and 3
1 and 2
2 and 3
1 and 2
A Port-A-Cath is:
1. a short term non-tunneled catheter
2. used to monitor patient pressures
3. inserted in the arm
None of these
1 and 2
1, 2 and 3
2 and 3
None of these
Port-A-Cath- long term, used for patients who need intermittent infusion of medication or chemotherapy, blood transfusions, or the sampling of blood from the superior vena cava.
Surgically implanted and sutured under the skin of the upper chest or arm
A patient has orders for a 2 view chest x-ray to check the lead placement of their pacemaker that was implanted 24 hours earlier. How should the radiographer carry out this exam?
Perform the routine 2 view chest x-ray, without raising the patient’s left arm.
Perform a normal, routine 2 view chest x-ray in the radiology department.
Take the c-arm to the patient’s room and acquire a PA and Lateral projection.
Request the order be changed for a portable PA chest x-ray only because the patient will still be groggy from the anesthesia and unable to stand.
Perform the routine 2 view chest x-ray, without raising the patient’s left arm.
A patient in the NICU requires a chest x-ray. How should the radiographer carry out this exam?
Communicate and work with the NICU staff member to quickly obtain the image while minimizing time without the warmer.
Wipe down the imaging equipment when exiting the NICU.
Place the IR directly under the patient to avoid any artifacts from the patient’s blankets.
Leave the warmer in place. Place the IR in the sliding tray under the open incubator and place the x-ray tube under the incubator in alignment with the IR.
Communicate and work with the NICU staff member to quickly obtain the image while minimizing time without the warmer.
A portable chest x-ray has been ordered for a patient on a mechanical ventilator. How should the radiographer complete this exam?
Take the image when the ventilator has moved air into the patient’s lungs.
Pay no attention to the patient’s breathing and make the exposure when it is convenient.
Ask the nurse to turn off the ventilator when the patient’s lungs are fully expanded and then, take the image.
Instruct the patient to take a deep breath in and hold it.
Take the image when the ventilator has moved air into the patient’s lungs.
An example of a short term, non-tunneled catheter used to administer medications and fluids while allowing for blood draws is the:
PICC line
Dobbhoff
Port a cath
Swan-Ganz
PICC line
Dobbhoff- nasogastric feeding tube
Port-A-Cath- long term, used for patients who need intermittent infusion of medication or chemotherapy, blood transfusions, or the sampling of blood from the superior vena cava.
Swan-Ganz- pulmonary catherter, measures cardiac output, the pressures on the right side of the heart, and, indirectly, the left heart and lung pressures.
A surgical opening made into the trachea with placement of a tube to establish a temporary or permanent airway is a
tracheostomy.
tracheotomy.
tracheoscopy.
tracheoplasty.
tracheostomy.
The tip of a properly placed CVC catheter is located:
in the trachea above the carina
in the small intestine
in the aorta
in the SVC near the right atrium
in the SVC near the right atrium
Which of the following is NOT a purpose of a nasogastric tube?
Administer medications
Feeding
Blood transfusion
Removing gas
Blood transfusion
The sterile members of the surgical team include the
1. surgeon.
2. scrub nurse.
3. anesthesiologist.
1 only
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
1 and 2 only
Surgical team includes:
Surgeon
Assistant to the surgeon
Scrub nurse (Surg tech)
Which of the following surgical procedures may involve radiographic or fluoroscopic imaging?
1. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
2. Ureteral stent placement
3. Foreign body localization
4. Appendectomy
1 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3 only
1, 2, 3, and 4
1, 2, and 3 only
The purpose of a Swan-Ganz catheter is to
monitor cardiac function.
drain the thoracic cavity.
facilitate the administration of chemotherapy.
facilitate the drawing of blood for testing.
monitor cardiac function.
The area designated as the sterile corridor is the
hallway leading to the surgical suite.
hallway just outside the operating room(s).
area between the patient drape and the instrument table.
area between the patient drape and the x-ray equipment.
area between the patient drape and the instrument table.
True or False
The use of a C-arm is useful during open fracture reduction procedures
True
True or False
Never attempt to alter a patent’s orthopedic traction when performing an x-ray examination
True
True or False
When imaging neonates in the NICU, the radiographer can handle the incubator without a nurse or physician present
False
True or False
The NG tube may also be used to administer medication and for the radiographic examination of the stomach
True
The radiographer draws up a thin barium mixture or oral aqueous iodine solution into a large syringe; gloves are worn, the syringe is connected to the NG tube, and the radiologist (or radiographer for some studies) slowly instills the contrast under fluoroscopic control.
Special care units include
- ICU
- ER
- EVS
- PICU/NICU
1, 2, 3, and 4
