Anatomy - Neck and Thyroid Gland Flashcards
What does the carotid sheath protect?
- Common carotid artery
- Vagus Nerve
- Internal Jugular vein
What does the Investing layer encapsulate within the neck?
!!Most of the muscle within the neck !!
(outer layer)
- Sternocleidomastoid muscles
- Infrahyoid muscles
- Trapezius muscle
What does the prevertebral layer encapsulate within the neck?
!! Everything to do with the vertebral column!!
-Scalene muscles
-Vertebral
-Spinal Chord
What does the pre - tracheal layer encapsulate within the neck?
- Oesophagus
- Trachea
- Thyroid
What are the layers within the neck?
- Investing layer
- Preverterbal layer
- Carotid sheath
- Pretracheal layer
What are the two triangles that exist within the neck?
What are they divided by
- 2 x anterior triangles
- 2x posterior triangles
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
What divides the anterior and posterior triangles within the neck?
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
What does the Sternocleidomastoid muscle divide within the neck ?
Anterior and Posterior Triangles
What 4 triangles is the anterior triangle of the neck further divided into ?
- Carotid triangle
- Submental triangle
- Submandibular triangle
- Musclular triangle
What two triangles is the posterior triangle of the neck further divided into?
What divides these two triangles
- Occipital triangle
- Subclavian triangle
Inferior belly of omohyoid muscle
What splits the anterior triangles, submandibular and submental from one another?
Digastric Muscle
Point where you think the Hyoid bone is.
Point where you think the internal jugular vein is
Point where you think the Thyrohyoid muscle is
Point where you think the Common carotid artery is
Point where you think the Sternothyroid muscle is
Point where you think the Circoid cartilage is
Point where you think the Circoid Cartilage is
Point where you think the Omohyoid muscle is
Point where you think the Thyroid cartilage is
Which part of the anterior triangle does the ansa cervicalis sit within?
The carotid triangle
Where does the transverse cervical nerve suplpy ?
Anterior triangle
Try explain the surface anatomy of the Triangles and muscles within the neck.
What does the thyroid gland wrap around?
The lobes of the thyroid gland are wrapped around the cricoid cartilage and superior rings of the trachea.
What is the blood supply to the Thyroid gland ?
Superior thyroid artery – arises as the first branch of the external carotid artery.
Inferior thyroid artery – arises from the thyrocervical trunk (a branch of the subclavian artery).
Venous drainage is carried by the superior, middle, and inferior thyroid veins, which form a venous plexus around the thyroid gland.
Explain Thyroglossal Cyst
in regards to embryological development.
1- The thyroid gland begins development near the base of the tongue – in an area known as the foramen cecum.
2- It descends during development and reaches its destination in the anterior neck by week 7.
3- The descent of the developing thyroid gland forms the thyroglossal duct – an epithelialised tract that connects the gland to its origin at the foramen cecum. It usually regresses by the 10th week of gestation, but can persist in some individuals. If it fails to regress, the duct can give rise to cysts or fistulae.
4- A thyroglossal cyst results from a build-up of secretions within the duct. It typically presents as a midline lump in the anterior neck which rises on tongue protrusion. If left untreated, this cyst can become infected, and form a cutaneous fistula – discharging out onto the skin of the anterior neck.
5- Thyroglossal cysts and fistulae are usually treated with complete excision. Recurrence is quoted at approximately 2.5%.
What are the posterior Triangle Muscle?
- Splenius Capitis
- Levator Scapulae
- Posterior Scalene Muscle
- Trapezius muscle
What are the Lymph nodes within the head and neck ?
Explain where they are in reards to own head
