nutrition

Question 1

what tools for screening nutrition status?

Answer 1

MUST and STAMP

Question 2

what is concerning MUST score

Answer 2

2

Question 3

what can interfere with accurate weight measurement (3)

Answer 3

dry, ascites, oedema

Question 4

how do you estimate muscle

Answer 4

mid upper arm circumference (MUAC)

Question 5

how measure height if pt is bedbound

Answer 5

knee height

Question 6

main cause of hypoalbuminaemia

Answer 6

infection/sepsis /NOT NUTRITION

Question 7

hypoalbuminaemia is a prognostic indicator of

Answer 7

mortality risk

Question 8

refeeding syndrome mechanism

Answer 8

rise in insulin and minerals causes intracellular uptake of everything at the expense of the blood. ->hypophosphateaemia
hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia

Question 9

short bowel syndrome when

Answer 9

remaining bowel is <100cm

Question 10

high stoma output meds

Answer 10

codeine/loperamide
anti PPI

Question 11

what is PN with gastro patients

Answer 11

parenteral nutrition

Question 12

name of somethin that stimulates appeites

Answer 12

orexigen

Question 13

name of somethin that suppresses appetite

Answer 13

anorexigen

Question 14

what type of receptor senses the presence of food which is bein broken down

Answer 14

GPCRs

Question 15

vagus nerve in stomach is stimulated by (2)

Answer 15

chemo and mechano (stretch) receptors

Question 16

vagus goes to (in brain)

Answer 16

nucleus of solitary tract

Question 17

anorexogenic hormones are stored in

Answer 17

enteroendocrine cells

Question 18

shape of enteroendocrine cells

Answer 18

pyramidal

Question 19

ghrelin secreted by … cells in the …

Answer 19

P cells fundus

Question 20

ghrelin is released in proportion to

Answer 20

calorific intake

Question 21

ghrelin acts …

Answer 21

on the vagus nerve and also on limbic centre of hypothalamus

Question 22

where is ckk produced and which cells

Answer 22

I cells duodenum

Question 23

what does cck do (2)

Answer 23

release bile and pancreatic enzyme -> slow gastric emptying, satiety

Question 24

pyy released from… mostly in the…

Answer 24

L cells colon

Question 25

gasrtci bypass satiety is driven by

Answer 25

PYY

Question 26

what hormones are lacking in obese ppl

Answer 26

GLP-1 and PYY

Question 27

what is oxontymodulin

Answer 27

anorectic product of preproglucagon
L cells

Question 28

what is GIP

Answer 28

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
Stored and released by K-cells (found predominantly in small intestine
Incretin hormone
Lower circulating levels in T2D including after meal intake.
Target in new T2D and obesity therapies

Question 29

food intake is controlled by which part of the brain

Answer 29

arcuate nucleus

(lateral part of ventromedial nucleus)

Question 30

AGRP and NPY are

Answer 30

orexigenic

Question 31

POMC and CART are

Answer 31

anorexigenic

Question 32

POMC and CART activated by

Answer 32

leptin and GLP-1

Question 33

what does agrp inhibit

Answer 33

AgRP is a melanocortin receptor antagonist

Question 34

pomc=

Answer 34

pro-opiomelanocortin (satiety)

Question 35

cart =

Answer 35

cocaine and amphetamine related transcript (satiety)

Question 36

What do pomc and cart release and what is the effect

Answer 36

melanocortins ->decrease appetite