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gi, liver, kidney > Hepatology random > Flashcards

Hepatology random Flashcards

1
Q

What do you give in stage F3 NAFLD diabetic vs non diabetic

A

Vitamin E if non diabetic
Pioglitazone/liraglutide if diabetic

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2
Q

How rule out SBP

A

Paracentesis (ascitic tap)

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3
Q

What is paracentesis

A

Ascitic tap (for SBP)

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4
Q

What treat SBP with

A

Ceftriazone, tazocin - BROAD spectrum antibiotic

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5
Q

How to prevent ascites/SBP

A

Spironolactone

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6
Q

What ratio suggests alcoholic cause of liver failure

A

AST:ALT>2 = alcohol
<1 = non alcohol

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7
Q

What can cause rise GGT

A

Alcohol abuse
COPD
renal failure

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8
Q

Decompensation in chronic liver disease

A

Dehydration
HCC
portal vein thrombosis

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9
Q

Treatment for encephalopathy hepatic

A

Oral lactulose prophylaxis for constipation
Rifaxamin - decrease toxins

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10
Q

What childs pugh score -> increased variceal bleed risk

A

> 8

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11
Q

What level of platelets do you trasnfuse in

A

<50

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12
Q

Secondary prevention of variceal bleeds

A

Propanolol

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13
Q

What is marker for HCC in blood

A

AFP

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14
Q

Screening for HCC

A

6 monthly US once diagnosed
AFP to diagnose

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15
Q

When transplant and dont with HCC

A

<5 tumours <3cm
one tumour UP to 5cm

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16
Q

PBC what rule use

A

M rule -
IgM, AMA Middle aged woman

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17
Q

PBC what LFT increases

A

ALP - small intrahepatic ducts affected

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18
Q

Markers of AI hep

A

ANA, ASMS, raised ALT + IgG

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19
Q

Treatment for PBC

A

UHDA
Obeticholific acid + rifampacin

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20
Q

Risks of azathioprine

A

cancer - Basal CC, SCC, lymphoma

21
Q

PSC biochem

A

ANCA and raised ALP

22
Q

PBC vs PSC biopsy

A

PBC - granulomatous
PSC - onion skinning

23
Q

What investigation do all autoimmune liver diseases require

A

Yearly DEXA scan - malabsorption of vit D increase risk osteoporosis

24
Q

Viral hep memory

A

A - acute
B - blood + se (5% chronic)
C - chronic

25
Q

What is the disease picture if IgM low vs high

A

low - chronic
high - acute

26
Q

What biochem picture in prev infection not current

A

IgG and HSaG

27
Q

What mutation causes haemochromatosis

A

C282Y, autosomal recessive

28
Q

Biochem in haemochromatosis

A

Ferritin, transferrin sats raised

29
Q

Symptoms of haemochromatosis

A

Joint pain, tired, bronze skin, ED, dysmenorrhea

30
Q

Treat haemochromatosis

A

Venesect

31
Q

Treating Hyperkalaemi

A
32
Q

LEARN CHILD PUGH SCORE

A
33
Q

What is used to determine whether liver transplant in paracetemol overdose

A

pH <7.3

34
Q

What is present in PBC on biopsy

A

Granulomas on biopsy

35
Q

M rule with PBC

A

IgM antibodies seen
AMA antibody

36
Q

Where in hepato pathology would cause absent urobilinogen in urine

A

Posthepatic
Urobilinogen is normal present in urine
Increased in pre and hepatic

37
Q

What type of AI hepatitis is more severe

A

Type II

38
Q

What is gallbladder empyema usually a complication of

A

Cholecysitis

39
Q

What complication is TIPS proecdure most likely ot cause

A

Hepatic encepahlopathy

40
Q

Key features in a question suggesting herditary haemochromatosis

A

Hypogonadism
T2DM
Raised bilirubin, AST,ALT low albumin
Hip and knee pain

41
Q

Treatment for wilsons

A

Penicillaminen

42
Q

Question features wilsons

A

Ataxic gait - copper infiltration in brain

43
Q

What PT time is indication for liver transplant in non alcoholic liver disease

A

> 100s

44
Q

What does raised IgG and ANA suggest

A

AI hepatitis

45
Q

What is ascites first line treatment

A

Spirinolactone/MRA

46
Q

What hep causes high mortality in pregnancy

A

Hep E

47
Q

WERNICKES Encephalopathy

A
  • Nystagmus, ataxia, confusion
  • Caused by Vitamin B depletion
  • Pabrinex to revent - thiamine and vit B
48
Q

What CP score is igher risk of variceal bleeding

A

> 8

49
Q

Haemochromatosis

A
  • Bronzed skin
  • Diabetes
  • Cirrhosis

gi, liver, kidney (50 decks)

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