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HH M2 CA1 Immunology > Immunology 01. Innate Immunity > Flashcards

Immunology 01. Innate Immunity Flashcards

1
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phagocytosis (iv)

A
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8
Q

3 functions of Complements in host defence?

A

3 functions of Complements in host defence?
Opsonisation of microbes with complement proteins (activiating phagocytosis)

Promote leukocytes recruitment at site of complement activation(activation of mast cells etc)

Membrane attack complex (MAC)

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9
Q

3 functions of inflammation?

A

3 functions of inflammation?
1) Deliver additional effector molecules and cells to site of infection to augment the killing of invading microorganism by macrophage

2) Prevent spread of infection

3) Promote the repair of injured tissue

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10
Q

Can innate immunity differentiate self and nonself? If yes,how?

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Can innate immunity differentiate self and nonself? If yes,how?
Yes.

It targets molecular ‘Patterns’ associated with pathogens (PAMPs)

Or targetting host cell components released by damaged or stressed tissues (DAMPs)

Basically PAMPs or DAMPs

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11
Q

Cellular innate defenses include?

A

Cellular innate defenses include?
1) Phagocytes/phagocytosis
2) Inflammation
3) Natural Killer cells

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12
Q

Complement system function?

A

Complement system function?
1. MAC formation (lysis of invading cells) membrane attack complex
2. Mast cell activation (trigger inflammation)
3. Opsonization (phagocytosis)

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13
Q

Components of Innate Immunity system?

A

Components of Innate Immunity system?
Skin, mucous membrane, phagocytes, NK cells, inflammation, fever, defensins, IFN, complement system

Came out as 10m MEQ AY15/16~

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14
Q

Function of Basophils

A

Function of Basophils
Allergic reaction

Along with eosinophils and mast cells

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15
Q

Function of Defensin?

A

Function of Defensin?
Penetrate microbial membranes forming pores -> kill the pathogens

Found in macrophages, dendritic cell, neutrophil and epithelial cells

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16
Q

Function of Eosinophils?

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Function of Eosinophils?
Fight parasite/allergies/cancer

17
Q

Function of Neutrophils

A

Function of Neutrophils

Fight Bacteria/Fungal/Virus infection

Mainly bacteria though

18
Q

Function of Type 1 Interferon (IFN alpha & beta)?

A

Function of Type 1 Interferon (IFN alpha & beta)?
- Interferes with Virus replication
- Helping activate macrophages, dendritic cells and NKC

19
Q

Innate immunity
1) Is it specific?
2) Is it immediate?
3) Does it confer long lasting immunity?

A

Innate immunity
1) Is it specific?
2) Is it immediate?
3) Does it confer long lasting immunity?
No, Yes, No

20
Q

Phagocytosis definition. And what cells can do it?

A

Phagocytosis definition. And what cells can do it?
= process by which a cell engulfs a particle and digests it.

Phagocytic cells:
neutrophils
Monocytes
macrophages
dendritic cells

21
Q

Receptors of Innate immunity encoded in germline. T/F?

A

Receptors of Innate immunity encoded in germline. T/F?
T

22
Q

TLR associated with detecting LPS of bacteria is?

A

TLR associated with detecting LPS of bacteria is?
TLR4

Means that TLR4 is associated with Gram Negative bacterias

23
Q

TLR4 is associated with detecting which class of microbes?

A

TLR4 is associated with detecting which class of microbes?
GN bacteria

24
Q

What are pattern recognition receptors? An example?

A

What are pattern recognition receptors? An example?
They recognize patterns of repeating structural motifs at the surface of microorganisms

Can distinguish perfectly between self and non self.

E.g is TLR

25
Q

What are the antimicrobial peptides and proteins of innate immunity? (IMPT!!!)

A

What are the antimicrobial peptides and proteins of innate immunity? (IMPT!!!)
1) Defensin

2) Type 1 Interferon

3) Complement system

26
Q

What are the hallmarks of inflammation (5)?

A

What are the hallmarks of inflammation (5)?
pain, redness, heat and swelling and loss of function

27
Q

What increases activity of NK cells?

A

What increases activity of NK cells?
Interferons, macrophages/dendritic cell-drived cytokines

28
Q

What is phagocytosis induced by?

A

What is phagocytosis induced by?
Ligation of many of the cell-surface receptors that recognize pathogens

HH M2 CA1 Immunology (14 decks)

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