4.3 Photosynthesis and cellular respiration Flashcards
What happens when the temperature of an enzymes environment increases?
The substrate will bump into the enzyme more, due to kinetic energy, but if it increases too much, the enzyme will denature
What is the optimum temperature for enzymes to work in humans?
37 degrees celsius
What happens if an enzyme is cooled down below its optimum temperature?
The rate of reaction will be slowed, as there will be a reduced number of collisions
Do enzymes denature when cooled down below their optimum temperature?
No, rather become inactivated
What does pH refer to?
The concentration of hydrogen ions
What happens when enzymes are taken too high or below their optimum pH?
They will denature
What is the average optimum pH of enzymes?
Between 6 and 8
What is the optimum pH of pepsin?
2
What allows for eukaryotic organisms to have different pH environments to suit required organisms?
Compartmentalism
What is substrate concentration?
How much substrate is present in an environment
Why does the rate of reaction slow in terms of substrate concentration?
There is not enough enzymes for the substrate to bind to, the enzymes are classified as saturated
What is enzyme concentration?
The amount of enzymes present in an environment
What is an enzyme inhibitor
The binding of molecules to an enzyme and/or change the shape of the enzyme to prevent it from functioning
What type of bond do reversible inhibitors form with an enzyme
A hydrogen bond
What type of bond do irreversible inhibitors share with an enzyme?
A covalent bond
