Exam #3

Question 1

Obsessions (OCD)

Answer 1

Intrusive, repetitive, & distressing events occurring in your mind - cognitive treatment, i.e., defusion

Question 2

Compulsions (OCD)

Answer 2

Anything done to get rid of or reduce the anxiety from the OCD obsessions

Question 3

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Answer 3

• Preoccupation w/ perceived physical flaws/defects
• repetitive behaviors & mental acts done as a response
• “imagined ugliness”

Question 4

Hoarding Disorder

Answer 4

• Acquiring clutter
• extreme inability to get rid of possessions

Question 5

OCD cycle

Answer 5

Obsessive thought → anxiety → compulsive behavior → temporary relief → repeat

Question 6

OCD neurotransmitters

Answer 6

Glutametergic neurotransmission

Question 7

Thought - action fusion

Answer 7

Thinking about committing a harmful act & actually doing it is equally bad

Question 8

Comorbidity & OCD

Answer 8

Depression/other mood disorders, anxiety, PTSD, ADHD, & eating disorders

Question 9

Treatment of OCD

Answer 9

-SSRIs and
- exposure & response prevention → cut out compulsive behavior from the cycle

Question 10

Binge eating disorder

Answer 10

Eating an “unusually large amount of food in a discrete period of time” & a “loss of control” over eating
No compensatory behaviors

Question 11

Bulimia nervosia

Answer 11

• Binge eating and compensatory behavior
• 1 per week for 3 months

Question 12

Anorexia nervosa

Answer 12

Significant restriction of food intake with perceptive issues about self image

Question 13

Mortality rate of E.D.

Answer 13

• Higher than any other mental disorder
  -High suicide rate

Question 14

Gender differences in E.D.

Answer 14

Far no re common in women than men

Question 15

Cognitive bias in E.D.

Answer 15

-Overfocusing on perceived negatives
- ex.”I’m too fat”

Question 16

E. D. Treatment

Answer 16

-First treat malnourishment
- then c.b.t., i.p.t., & therapy

Question 17

3 classes of substances

Answer 17

1. Depressants - alcohol, sedatives, & opioids
2. Stimulants - cocaine & amphetamines
3. Hallucinogens - LSD & psilocybin

Question 18

Substance use

Answer 18

General - non problematic

Question 19

Substance intoxication

Answer 19

Under effects of substance

Question 20

Substance abuse

Answer 20

Consuming substance for extended period despite negative consequences

Question 21

Tolerance

Answer 21

Greater dose for the same effect

Question 22

Withdrawal

Answer 22

Experience of unpleasant physiological symptoms in absence of drug

Question 23

Most common substance use

Answer 23

Alcohol

Question 24

Binge drinking

Answer 24

-Males: 5 or more
-females: 4 or more

Question 25

Difference in substance & behavioral addictions

Answer 25

Difference between abuse & dependence

Question 26

Positive reinforcement model

Answer 26

Use substance → pleasurable effect
Explains now people become dependent

Question 27

Negative reinforcement models

Answer 27

Substance use → relief from with drawal/negative emotions
Explain now people stay dependent

Question 28

Opponent process

Answer 28

Substance disrupts home statis

Question 29

Medication treatment for substance abuse

Answer 29

Detoxification & agonist (alternatives) or antagonist (blockers) drugs

Question 30

Behavioral treatment of substance abuse

Answer 30

• Aversion therapy
• contingency management
• relapse prevention

Question 31

Community treatment of substance abuse

Answer 31

• Alcoholics Anonymous
• residential treatment centers
• community reinforcement/peer support

Question 32

Schizophrenia

Answer 32

2 or more:
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganized speech
- disorganized or catatonic behavior
- negative symptoms
Continuous disturbance for more than 6 months

Question 33

Delusional disorder

Answer 33

Delusions present for more than 1 month
NO hallucinations

Question 34

Brief psychotic disorder

Answer 34

One or more:
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganized speech
- disorganized or catatonic behavior
Duration: at least 1 day but less than 1 month

Question 35

Substance induced psychosis

Answer 35

Psychosis caused by a substance

Question 36

Schizoaffective disorder

Answer 36

Psychotic disorder that is comorbid with a mood episode

Question 37

Schizophreniform disorder

Answer 37

Same criteria as schizophrenia but shorter time frame (1 to 6 months)

Question 38

Positive symptoms

Answer 38

More than normal - addition

Question 39

Negative symptoms

Answer 39

Less than normal - subtraction

Question 40

Disorganized symptoms

Answer 40

Disorganized speech/behavior & inappropriate affect

Question 41

Hallucinations

Answer 41

• Auditory: hearing voices
• tactile: feeling physical sensations
• visual: olfactory & gustatory

Question 42

Delusions

Answer 42

• Persecution: going to be harmed
• grandeur / grandiose: exceptional abilities
• somatic: bugs / parasites
• erotomanic: in love
• jealous: unfaithfulness

Question 43

High expressed emotion

Answer 43

Hostile, critical, or overinvolved

Question 44

Medication for schizo - related disorders

Answer 44

• Conventional: reduce positive symptoms but have parkinson’s like effects (tardive dyskinesia)
• second generation: reduce positive & negative symptoms; act on dopamine & serotonin

Question 45

Supportive C.B.T.

Answer 45

Focus on maladaptive behavioral & emotional responses to psychotic experiences

Question 46

Behavioral treatment for schizo-affective disorders

Answer 46

Reward adaptive - one of most effective

Question 47

Behavioral family therapy for schizo-affective disorders

Answer 47

Psychoeducation for family members - communication skills & ways of minimizing high expressed emotion

Question 48

Social & living skills training for schizo-affective disorders

Answer 48

Teach social skills through roleplays