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BOTANY > ROOTS > Flashcards

ROOTS Flashcards

1
Q

lie down in soil

A

Root system

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2
Q

2 types of roots

A

•Taproots
•Fibrous roots

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3
Q

types pf roots in terms of morphology

A

•Taproots
•Fibrous roots
•Adventitious roots

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4
Q

long, thick, reach deep into the soil to obtain water/nutrients

A

Taproots

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5
Q

Many thin roots, spread out away from plants, reduce erosion

A

Fibrous roots

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6
Q

2major roots system

A

•Taproot system
•Fibrous root system

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7
Q

Root system for support and storage which grows downward

A

Taproot system

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8
Q

mostly found in dicots and conifers, storage of starch

A

Taproot system

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9
Q

This are fleshy taproots for food storage

A

•Carrots
•Sugar beets

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10
Q

Roots for absorption that have many roots of the same size

A

Fibrous root system

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11
Q

Mostly found in monocots

A

Fibrous root system

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12
Q

Radicle is throughout the plant life

A

Taproot system

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13
Q

Radicle is short-lived and is replaced by adventitious roots

A

Fibrous root system

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14
Q

It is developed in the parts of the plant and is primary means of vegetative reproduction

A

Adventitious root

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15
Q

Roots that form an organ other than the roots

A

Adventitious root

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16
Q

poison ivy

A

Rhus toxicodendron

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17
Q

dandelion

A

Taraxacum sp.

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18
Q

Mesquites

A

Prosopis sp.

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19
Q

sweet potato

A

Ipomoea batatas

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20
Q

Rice

A

Oryza sativa

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21
Q

wheat

A

Triticum sp.

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22
Q

Give the 5function of soecilized roots

A

•Storage
•Reproduction/Propagation
•Gas exchange/aeration
•Photosynthesis
•Support

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23
Q

Give the 3 specilized roots based on the storage

A

•Fusiform roots
•Conical roots
•Napiform roots

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24
Q

horsetail

A

Equisetum sp.

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25
Q

club mosses

A

Lycopodium sp.

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26
Q

stwarberry

A

Fragaria ananassa

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27
Q

thicker in the middle and tapered on both ends

A

Fusiform roots

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28
Q

Radish

A

Rhapanus sativus

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29
Q

thicker at their upper side and tapering at basal end

A

Conical

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30
Q

Carrots

A

Daucus carota

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31
Q

swollen and spherical at upper end and tapered at lower end

A

Napiform root

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32
Q

Turnip

A

Brassica rapa

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33
Q

Give example of Reproduction / Propagation

A

•sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas)
•Pandan(Pandanus amaryllifolius)

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34
Q

Formation of adventitious roots

A

Reproduction/Propagation

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35
Q

It has the presence of pneumatiphores

A

Gas exchange-/Aeration

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36
Q

erect root that rises up above the soil or water

A

Pneumatophores

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37
Q

they are filled with aerenchyma cells and has numerous pores/lenticels

A

Pneumatophores

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38
Q

Give example pf Pneumatophores

A

•Mangrove
•Cypress

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39
Q

It forms air/spaces

A

Aerenchyma cells

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40
Q

Give example of photosynthetic specialized root

A

Epiphytic orchid

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41
Q

Give the 3 specialized roots for support

A

•Buttress roots
•Prop/stilt root
•Climbing/Clinging root

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42
Q

They arise from the base of the tree trunk, for resisting uprooting of large tropical trees

A

Buttress root

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43
Q

large pillars, develop from horizontally spread branches of tree, gow vertically downward into the soil

A

Prop/stilt root

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44
Q

Roots arising from the nodes attaching themselves

A

Climbing root/ Clinging root

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45
Q

Give 7 functions of root

A

•Absorption
•Anchorage
•Conduction
•Storage
•In Photosynthesis
•Reproduction
•Hormone production

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46
Q

Give the 4 original functions of roots

A

•Absorption
•Anchorage
•Conduction
•Hormone production

47
Q

Large amount of water and dissolved minerals from the soil

A

Absorption

48
Q

Plant in one place, locates water and minerals

A

Anchorage

49
Q

transport water and minerals to other parts of the plant(from leaves to storage regions

A

Conduction

50
Q

enegry is reserves, initially produce in the leaves

A

Storage

51
Q

chemical messages

A

Hormone production

52
Q

Give the 2 hormone produce by the roots

A

•Cytokinin
•Gibberillin

53
Q

This 3 functions are mostly found in modified roots

A

•Storage
•In Photosynthesis
•Reproduction

54
Q

It is responsible for the elongation

A

Cytokinin

55
Q

It is mainly responsible for the production of leaves

A

Gibberillin

56
Q

Give the 5 parts of the seeds

A

•Seed cut
•Epicotyl
•Radicle
•Cotyledon
•Hypocotyl

57
Q

It appears/occur when the seeds are submerged in the water

A

Radicle

58
Q

The first root that comes from the plant

A

Radicle

59
Q

It is able to develop oragns form the itslef when it cracks

A

seeds

60
Q

Part of seed that forms radicle and is a food storage

A

Cotyledon

61
Q

2 root structure

A

•Root cap
•Root hair

62
Q

extension of an epidermal cell that increases absorptive capacity of root

A

Root hair

63
Q

It protect the formation of radiccle or new cell

A

Root cap

64
Q

Covering of cells over the root tip that protect delicate meristematic tissue directly behind it

A

Root cap

65
Q

Root cap protect what, it is behind the root cap

A

Root apocal meristem

66
Q

May orient root so it grows downward

A

Root cap

67
Q

Short-lived, unicellular that uncreases surface area of the root incontact with moist soil, replaced by additional root

A

Root hair

68
Q

3 Primary Eudicot roots

A

•Vascular tissues
•Ground tissues
•Outer Protective covering

69
Q

2Vascular Tissues

A

•Xylem
•Phloem

70
Q

2Ground tissues

A

•Cortex
•Pith

71
Q

1Outer Protective covering

A

Epidermis

72
Q

3 Tissues in Plants

A

•Dermal Tissue
•Vascular Tissue
•Ground Tissue

73
Q

The outer covering, it has cuticle, stomata, guard cells

A

Dermal Tissue

74
Q

Lipid soluble, to prevet water from evaporating in the leaves, the primary protection

A

Cuticle

75
Q

To transfire water out of the plant

A

Stomata

76
Q

Transport system, carries water and nutrients

A

Vascular tissue

77
Q

Water in

A

Xylem

78
Q

Glucose out

A

Phloem

79
Q

Water and nutrients move ____ while sugar move ____

A

up
down

80
Q

2conduction in vascular tissue

A

•Conduction of food
•Conduction of water

81
Q

Conduction of foods is from ____to_____

A

leaves
roots

82
Q

Conduction of water is from ____ to ____

A

roots
leaves

83
Q

In this area, food concentration is high

A

leaves

84
Q

In this area, water concentration is high

A

roots

85
Q

It is the primary sites for starches

A

leaves

86
Q

2patters of veination

A

•Parallel
•Reticulate

87
Q

This pattern of vein is found mostly in monocot

A

Parallel

88
Q

This pattern of vein is found mostly in dicot

A

Reticulate

89
Q

It is the cells between the dermal and vascular tissue

A

Ground tissue

90
Q

4major function of roots

A

Absorption
Anchorage
Conduction
Storage

91
Q

3types of monocot roots

A

Diffuse
Wiry
Clustered fleshy

92
Q

3types of roots based on the origin

A

Primary roots
Branch roots/Secondary roots
Adventitous roots

93
Q

Developed from the hypocotyl

A

Primary root

94
Q

4 structure of the root tip

A

Region of maturation
Region of elongation
Meristematic region
Root cap

95
Q

Region where primary tissues are completely differentiated

A

Region of maturation

96
Q

Root hair zone, cells enlarge and begin to differentiate

A

Region of elongation

97
Q

Region of actively diving cells, cells divide and increase in number

A

Meristematic region

98
Q

Tissue at the very tip of the axis
Protection and penetration

A

Root cap

99
Q

7 anatomy of the root

A

Epidermis
Cortex
Endodermis
Pericyle
Central cylinder/Stele
Vascular tissues
Pit

100
Q

Cortext are small
Stele are big
No cambium

A

Monocot root

101
Q

Endodermis are big
More than 6 vascular strands

A

Monocot root

102
Q

Pith are large and well developed

A

Monocot root

103
Q

Cortex are big
Stele are small
Have cambium

A

Dicot root

104
Q

2-6 vascular strands
Endodermis are small

A

Dicot root

105
Q

Pith are sometimes absend or very small

A

Dicot root

106
Q

13 specialized roots

A

Fleshy/enlarged roots
Prop/stilt roots
Fusiform
Tubercular
Fasciculated
Photosynthetic
Clinging/Climbing roots
Pneumatophores
Contractile roots
Parasitic/Haustorial roots
Symbiotic roots
Mycorrhizae/Fungus roots
Butress/Structural roots

107
Q

Add support to the structure of the plant

A

Prop/stilt roots

108
Q

May assist i getting oxygen to the submerged roots

A

Pneumatophores

109
Q

Grow into the soil and contract thereby pulling the corm or bulb into the soil

A

Contractile root

110
Q

Absorbs water and nutrients from another plant
Plants do not contain chlorophyll
They cant make food

A

Parasitic/Haustorial roots

111
Q

Allows for the fixation of t atmospheric nitrogen to form that the plant can utilized

A

Symbiotic roots

112
Q

Increase the surface area for the absorption of essential nutrients

A

Mycorrhizae/fungus roots

113
Q

Large roots on alk sides of a shallowly rooted tree

A

Buttress/structural roots

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