Lo3- Nutritional Needs Of Humans 👶🏼👨🦳🧑🏽🦱 Flashcards
When does growth + development begin for humans?
From moment of contraception through to adulthood
What does physical growth mean and what processes does it involve?
. Physical growth involves complex set of processes in body that result in:
1. Increase in number of body cells ( hypertrophy)
2. Increase in size of cells ( hyperplasia)
3. Changes to proportions of body tissues ( made up of cells)
4. Increase in body size ( height+ mass)
Where does growth culminate in body?
In all body structures + systems
. Cells which form tissues = organs which function within body systems e.g immune, urinary+ nervous system
What happens as the physical dimensions grow in humans?
. More complex processes+ behaviours also grow and mature e.g learning, awareness, emotions develop
. None of these processes can occur without continuous supply of energy and materials e.g genetic factors
What ways does the body use energy?
- Chemical energy ➡️ Biochemical reactions
- Thermal energy ➡️ body temp of 37 degrees
- Kinetic energy ➡️ body to move
- Electrical energy ➡️ brain+ nervous system function
- Sound energy ➡️ sound production through larynx (voice box)
Where are the main sources of energy for the body found?
In glucose ➡️ carbs + solar energy trapped by green plants from photosynthesis
What is energy measured in?
Calories
What is 1 calorie required to do?
Raise temp by 1g of water by 1 degree
More specifically how are calories measured?
Very small measurement ➡️ kilocalories (kcal)
. 1kcal = 1000 calories
What is 1 calories equal to in kilojoules (kj)?
4.2kj ➡️ nutritional labelling on food products
How many calories is 1g of pure carbs worth?
3.75kcal / 16kj
How many calories is 1g of pure fat worth?
9kcal / 37kj
How many calories is 1g of pure protein worth?
4kcal / 16kj
How many calories is 1g of pure alcohol worth?
7kcal / 29kj
