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French Wine Scholar > Loire > Flashcards

Loire Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: The Loire is France’s largest white wine producing area

A

True

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2
Q

What are fines bulles?

A

Sparkling wines from the Loire

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3
Q

Who brought viticulture to the Loire?

A

The Romans

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4
Q

What product did the Dutch use Loire wines to make?

A

Brandeweijn - Burnt wine

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5
Q

What does the word “liger” mean?

A

Silt/ sediment, which refers to the silt of the Loire

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6
Q

What’s the climate of the Pays Nantais?

A

Maritime

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7
Q

What’s the climate of the middle Loire?

A

Maritime with continental influences

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8
Q

What’s the climate of the centre-Loire?

A

Continental

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9
Q

What land form does the Pays Nantais lie within?

A

Massif Armoricain

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10
Q

What land form does the Anjou lie within?

A

Massif Armoricain

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11
Q

What land form does the Centre-Loire lie within?

A

Paris Basin

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11
Q

What land form does the Touraine lie within?

A

Paris Basin

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12
Q

What land form does the Upper-Loire lie within?

A

Massif Central

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13
Q

What’s the most widely planted grape variety in the Loire?

A

Cabernet Franc

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14
Q

What is the name of the IGP covering the whole Loire?

A

IGP Val de Loire

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15
Q

Which is the first Loire sub-region to experience bud break?

A

Pays Nantais

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16
Q

Which is the first Loire sub-region to harvest?

A

Pays Nantais

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17
Q

What are the two rivers that bisect the Pays Nantais?

A

Sevre and Maine

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18
Q

What soils predominate in the Pays Nantais

A

Free draining, volcanic, igneous and metamorphic soils

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19
Q

What is the principal grape of the Pays Nantais?

A

Melon de Bourgogne

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20
Q

True or False: Chardonnay is permitted in Muscadet AOC?

A

True

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21
Q

True or False: Chardonnay is permitted in Muscadet Sevre et Maine AOC?

A

False - it must be 100% Melon de Bourgogne

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22
Q

Which is physically the largest of the Muscadet AOCs?

A

Muscadet AOC

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23
Q

Which Muscadet AOC has the highest production volume?

A

Muscadet Sevre et Maine AOC

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24
Q

True or False: Muscadet AOC cannot make wine labelled “sur lie”

A

True

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25
Q

How much of the production of Muscadet Sevre et Maine AOC is “sur lie”?

A

90%

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26
Q

How many DGCs does Muscadet Sevre et Maine have?

A

9

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27
Q

What are the Muscadet Sevre et Maine DGCs?

A

Chateau-Thebaud
Clisson
Gorges
Goulaine
Monnieres-Sainte-Fiacare
Mouzillon-Tillieres
Le Pallet
Vallet
La Haye-Fouassiere

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28
Q

True or False: Muscadet Sevre et Maine DGCs can be labelled “sur lie”

A

False - the DGCs have longer sur lie ageing requirements

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29
Q

Which Muscadet AOC is furthest from the sea?

A

Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOC

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30
Q

Which Muscadet AOC is closest to the sea?

A

Muscadet cotes de Grandlieu AOC

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31
Q

What is the requirement in Muscadet to be able to label the wine “sur lie”?

A

The wine must be bottled between 1 March and 31 December the year after the harvest

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32
Q

What is the largest sub-zone the Loire

A

Anjou-Saumur

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33
Q

What is tuffeau?

A

Turonian chalk found in the Loire

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34
Q

What soils are found in the ‘black Anjou”?

A

Dark Schists and sandstone from the Armoricain massif

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35
Q

What soils are found in the “white Anjou”?

A

Tuffeau (chalk) from the Paris basin

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36
Q

What is “La douceur Angevine”?

A

A description of the temperate climate around Anjou

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37
Q

What’s the primary white grape of Anjou Saumur

A

Chenin Blanc

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38
Q

What style accounts for the greatest volume of production in Anjou Saumur

A

Rosé

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39
Q

Which bank of the Loire accounts for the majority of the vineyard in Anjou Saumur

A

Left Bank

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40
Q

What wine styles can be made under the Anjou AOC?

A

All (red, dry to sweet whites, mousseaux and cremant, Rosé still and sparkling)

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41
Q

True or False. Pinot d’aunis is related to Pinot

A

False

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42
Q

What is the primary wine style of Anjou AOC?

A

Red (from cabernets, Grolleau and Pinot d’Aunis)

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43
Q

What style of wine is produced in Anjou Village AOC?

A

Red only from the Cabernets

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44
Q

What style of wine does Anjou Brissac AOC produce?

A

Red only from the Cabernets

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45
Q

What is the AOC that has the largest production of the Anjou Rosés?

A

Cabernet d’ Anjou

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46
Q

What’s the minimum sweetness of Cabernet d’ Anjou?

A

10 g/l

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47
Q

What’s the primary grape of Rosé d’Anjou

A

Grolleau Gris

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48
Q

Is rosé d’Anjou sweeter or less sweet than Cabernet d’Anjou?

A

Less sweet (7g/l RS)

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49
Q

What river influences the climate in the sweet wine AOCs of Anjou?

A

Layon

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50
Q

What is the premier cru found in Coteaux du Layon AOC?

A

Chaume

51
Q

Can Coteaux du Layon AOC wines be labeled SGN?

A

Yes, if the grapes achieve 19% potential alcohol and have botrytis

52
Q

What is the only Grand Cru in the Loire?

A

Quarts de Chaume

53
Q

What direction do the slopes face in Quarts de Chaume?

A

South

54
Q

What style of wine is Anjou-Coteaux de la Loire?

A

Semi to sweet white from Chenin Blanc

55
Q

What does aoliean mean?

A

Wind blown - typically sands

56
Q

What style of wine is Coteaux de l’Aubance?

A

semi to sweet white from Chenin Blanc

57
Q

Which is the warmest of the Anjou AOCs?

A

Coteaux de l’Aubance

58
Q

What soils can be found in Quarts de Chaume?

A

Schists and Sandstone (black Anjou)

59
Q

What style of wine is Savennieres AOC?

A

Usually dry but can make semi to sweet

60
Q

What soils are found in Savennieres?

A

Slate, schist, volcanic rock and aeolian sand

61
Q

What is the famous lieu-dit found within the Savennieres AOC?

A

Savennieres Roche au Moines AOC

62
Q

What is the monopole found within Savennieres AOC?

A

Couleé de Serrant AOC

63
Q

What is the predominant style of Saumur AOC?

A

Mousseux

64
Q

What sub-area of the Loire is the largest producer of fine bulles?

A

Saumur

65
Q

What is the primary grape of Saumur Mousseaux Rosé

A

Cabernet Franc

66
Q

Which is the most important red wine AOC in Anjou-Saumur?

A

Saumur-Champigny AOC

67
Q

What is the predominant soil in saumur-champigny AOC?

A

Tuffeau

68
Q

Which grape dominates in the western side of Touraine?

A

Cabernet Franc

69
Q

Which grape dominates in the centre of the Touraine?

A

Chenin Blanc

70
Q

Which grape dominates the eastern side of Touraine?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

71
Q

What is perruches?

A

Flinty clay - Agriles a silex

72
Q

What is the soil type of Vouvray, Montlouis and eastern Touraine?

A

perruches (flinty clay) = Silex

73
Q

What is the predominant soil type of western Touraine?

A

Tuffeau

74
Q

What’s the primary gape of Cour-Cheverny AOC?

A

Romorantin

75
Q
A
75
Q

What are the secondary grapes of Touraine?

A

Chardonnay and Orbois

76
Q

True or False: Touraine produces more red wine than white?

A

True - red wine production > 50%

77
Q

What’s the most common sub-soil in the Touraine AOC?

A

Tuffeau

78
Q

What’s the primary grape of Touraine AOC Mousseaux wines?

A

Chenin Blanc

79
Q

What is the primary grape of Touraine AOC reds grown east of Tours?

A

Côt

80
Q

What is the primary grape of Touraine AOC reds grown west of Tours?

A

Cabernet Franc

81
Q

True or false: Touraine AOC Rosé wines are typically blends

A

True: No grape can account for >70% of the blend

82
Q

What’s the primary wine style of Touraine AOC?

A

Dry white. c. 60% of production

83
Q

What style of wine is Touraine Noble Joué AOC?

A

Vin Gris (rosé). Red wine made by white wine making techniques

84
Q

What are the grapes used to make Touraine Noble Joué AOC?

A

Meunier, Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris

85
Q

True or false: Touraine Noble Joué must be made by Saingeé method

A

False. Generally made by direct press, but Meunier can have a short maceration

86
Q

What style of wine is a “gravel wine” in Bourgueil

A

Lighter, raspberry fruit

87
Q

What style of wine is a “tuffeau wine” in Bourgueil

A

More structured, spicy and complex

88
Q

What bank of the Loire can Bourgueil and St Nicolas de Bourgueil be found?

A

Right

89
Q

What’s the predominant soil type in St Nicolas the Bourgueil?

A

Sandy Gravel

90
Q

True or False: both Bourgueil AOCs can produce white and Rosé wines

A

False. They’re both red and rosé only

91
Q

True or False:Chinonl AOCs produces red, white and Rosé wines

A

True. Whites are permitted from Chenin Blanc

92
Q

What’s the primary river of the Chinon AOC?

A

Vienne

93
Q

What soils are found in Chinon closest to the river?

A

Sand and gravel

94
Q

What soils are found on the slopes in Chinon?

A

Tuffeau

95
Q

What soils are found at the highest elevations in Chinon?

A

soils and flint/ clay

96
Q

What bank of the Loire can Vouvray be found?

A

Right bank

97
Q

What bank of the Loire can Montlouis be found?

A

Left bank

98
Q

What is the most important wine style found in Vouvray AOC?

A

fines bulles (Mousseaux and pétillant)

99
Q

What are perruches?

A

Flinty-clay

100
Q

Are are aubuis?

A

chalky-clay

101
Q

What is petillant originel?

A

Fines Bulles wines made by not addition (including sugar or yeast), one fermentation and 9 months on the lees before being bottled without dosage.

102
Q

How many eastern Touraine AOCs are on the right bank of the Loire?

A

5 - all of them

103
Q

What river is Valencay found on?

A

Cher

104
Q

What’s the primary grape of Valencay?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

105
Q

What is the primary red grape of Chevernay AOC?

A

Pinot Noir

106
Q

True or false. Cour-Cheverny AOC produces mainly sweet wines.

A

False. The wines are mainly dry, but semi and sweet wines are permitted

107
Q

What is the primary white grape of Orleans AOC?

A

Chardonnay

108
Q

What is the primary red grape of Orleans AOC?

A

Meunier

109
Q

What is the primary grape of Orleans-Clery AOC?

A

Cabernet Franc

110
Q

What rosé has the smallest production out of the 3 rosés of the Loire rosés?

A

Rosé de Loire

111
Q

What style of wine is Rosé de Loire?

A

Dry rosé

112
Q

What is the climate of the centre Loire?

A

Continental

113
Q

What are Caillottes?

A

Pebbles of limestone rich portlandian Marl

114
Q

What is Terre blanche?

A

Kimmeridgean marl rich in oyster fossils

115
Q

What is silex?

A

clay with flint

116
Q

What is the historical grape of the centre Loire?

A

Chassalas

117
Q

What are the three soil types found in Sancerre AOC?

A

Cailottes
Silex
Terre Blanche

118
Q

Which is hillier Sancerre or Pouilly-Fumé?

A

Sancerre

119
Q

What bank of the Loire can Pouilly-Fumé be found?

A

Right

120
Q

What is the only grape permitted in Pouilly-sur-Loire?

A

Chassalas

121
Q

What river runs through Quincy AOC?

A

Cher

122
Q

What is the primary grape of Quincy AOC?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

123
Q

What style of wine does Reuilly AOC produce?

A

Red, white and rosé

124
Q

What is the primary red grape of Reuilly AOC?

A

Pinot Noir

125
Q

What is the primary white grape of Reuilly AOC?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

French Wine Scholar (21 decks)

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