Block 11 Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Pregnancy timeline

A
  • Normal pregnancy is 37-42 weeks

1st trimester: Week 1-12
- Growth and development
- Establishment of the placenta

2nd trimester: Week 13-26
- Continued growth and development

3rd trimester: Week 27-40
- Rapid growth

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2
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3
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4
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5
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6
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7
Q

Maternal changes

A
  • heart rate and blood pressure rises
  • Foetus heart rate increases dramatically in the first trimester then it stays consistent at 150bpm
  • Fetal size increases
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8
Q

When does pregnancy begin?

A
  • We cant date pregnancy from the point of conception because we don’t know for sure when that was
  • Instead we date pregnancy from the last menstrual period.
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9
Q
A
  • hCG causes the corpus luteum to produce 17B OE2 ( 17 beta estradiol)
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10
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11
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12
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13
Q
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We can transfer repsiratory gasses between embryo and placenta

  • We can transfer glucose to the foetus via GLUT (1,3,4 and 12 transporters)
  • Very low density lipoproteins and chylomicrons are transported and metabolised by lipoprotein lipase
  • Free fatty acids, glycerol and cholesterol are delivered to the placenta without support
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14
Q
A
  • We can think of the placenta as a endocrine organ not just a transporting organ
  • The placenta become the dominate endocrine organ during pregnancy
  • hCG (produced by the placenta) maintains the corpus luteum.
    Levels peak at day 60-90 and it also stimulates the thyroid
  • The placenta cooperates with the foetus to produce oestrogen
  • By the end of pregnancy oestrogen is 30 times higher than basal levels in non-pregnancy. These significant levels of estrogen have proliferative effects on mother
  • Placenta also produces progesterone. Progesterone is essential for early pregnancy.
    Reduces uterine contraction preventing early pregnancy.
  • Somatomammotropin :
  • where not really sure what this does but its secreted from week 5 and the levels rise throughout pregnancy
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15
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