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Introduction To Psychology > Unit 1 - Nature and Scope > Flashcards

Unit 1 - Nature and Scope Flashcards

1
Q

It means study of

A

Logos

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2
Q

Considered as the father of psychology. He is the first person to put into writing his explanation pertaining to the behavior of man. He introduced the three functions of human soul and according to his belief the brain is merely a gland and would perform minor functions

A

Aristotle

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3
Q

Pertains to the actions that is within one’s awareness

A

Conscious

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4
Q

Proposed that psychology should separate from philosophy and should be treated as a natural science

A

Francis Bacon

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5
Q

The application of the principles of biology to the study of mental processes and behavior

A

Bio-Psychology

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6
Q

He is responsible for making psychology as a science

A

Johann Friedrich Herbart

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7
Q

He is recognized as the father of behavioral genetics and introduced the idea of individual differences.

A

Francis Galton

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8
Q

Studied how the mind affects what people do. It stressed the importance of functional adjustment of an organism to his environment

A

Functionalism

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9
Q

This branch of psychology is focused on the patterns of thoughts, feelings and behavior that makes a person unique

A

Personality Psychology

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10
Q

Psychologists study the brain and the hormonal system and their effects on heredity and psychological functions.

A

Psychobiological Perspective

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11
Q

He developed the idea of structuralism

A

Edward Titchener

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12
Q

Enumerate the seven (7) school of psychology

A
  • Structuralism
  • Functionalism
  • Gestalt
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Humanistic
  • Psychoanalysis
  • Behaviorism
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13
Q

A branch of medicine which involves the surgical severing and chemical alterations of brain fibers with the purpose of modifying psychological disturbances and other behavior aberrations

A

Psychosurgery

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14
Q

The study of neural mechanism of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brains of nonhuman animal subjects in controlled experiment

A

Physiological Psychology

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15
Q

Theorized the relation of temperament to physiological factors

A

Galen

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16
Q

It is the gods and spirits who were attributed to e direct cause of events and activities of man

A

Animism

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17
Q

Adheres to the belief that psychology should focus on overt observable behavior and its relationship to an event that can be predicted and measured objectively

A

Behavioral Perspective

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18
Q

Those action done automatically

A

Involuntary

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19
Q

Seeks to explain and understand social behavior.

A

Social Psychology

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20
Q

Enumerate the three (3) elements of human psyche

A
  • Element of reason
  • Spirited element
  • Element of bodily appetites
    and desires
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21
Q

It was based on the theory that behavior is determined by powerful inner forces

A

Psychoanalysis

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22
Q

Enumerate the five (5) types of behavior

A
  • Covert and Overt
  • Conscious, Unconscious and
    Nonconscious
  • Voluntary and Involuntary
  • Simple and Complex
  • Rational and Irrational
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23
Q

List the seven (7) theoretical perspective

A
  • Evolutionary Perspective
  • Psychodynamic Psychology
  • Behavioral Perspective
  • Cognitive Perspective
  • Humanistic Perspective
  • Psychobiological Perspective
  • Neuropsychological
    Perspective
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24
Q

He was the father of psychoanalysis and developed the psychoanalytic process of free association

A

Sigmund Freud

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25
Q

Considered as the third force because it is the first significant alterative to the psychoanalytic and behavioral perspectives in understanding human behavior.

A

Humanistic Perspective

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26
Q

He introduced dualism and reflex action which indicates that the mind and body interact

A

Rene Descartes

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27
Q

Theorized that the human mind is composed of atoms which penetrates in and out of our system

A

Democritus

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28
Q

Believed that an individual’s behavior is primarily determined by his perception of the world around him. Individuals are not solely the product of their environment and are internally motivated to fulfill their human potential.

A

Humanistic

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29
Q

It means soul and mind

A

Psyche

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30
Q

A theoretical perspective that focuses on the realms of human perception, thought and memory.

A

Cognitive Psychology

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31
Q

It helps psychologists to organize their scientific findings to link and connect them to theories as they seek for further research direction.

A

Theoretical Perspective

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32
Q

Enumerate the three (3) functions of human soul

A
  • Appetitive
  • Vegetative
  • Rational
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33
Q

Freud advanced that much of what a person thinks and does is motivated by inner forces in the subconscious level of the mind over which the person has no control. All forms of maladjustments and emotional conflicts in adult life are traceable to traumatic psychic experiences in childhood which are outside the person’s conscious awareness.

A

Psychodynamic Perspective

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34
Q

He reiterated that not all people could be hypnotized but instead they could be psycho-analyzed. He developed psychoanalysis as a form of psychotherapy

A

Freud

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35
Q

He identified the four lines of history and filiations of Philippine psychology

A

Zues Salazar

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36
Q

He stated that the “mind is not blank but rather the mind is capable of acquiring knowledge through sensory experience”

A

Immanuel Kant

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37
Q

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

A

Psychology

38
Q

List the nine (9) method of research

A
  • Controlled experiments
  • Animal studies
  • Qualitative and descriptive research
  • Survey questionnaires
  • Longitudinal studies
  • Neuropsychological methods
  • Computational modeling
  • Correlational method
  • Indigenous research method
39
Q

A branch of medicine which exists to study, prevent and treat mental disorders in humans

A

Psychiatry

40
Q

The branch of psychology that looks at the development throughout the lifespan.

A

Development Psychology

41
Q

He regarded as the father of modern/scientific psychology. He established the first psychological laboratory in Germany.

A

Wilhelm Wundt

42
Q

The first school of thought; and introduced ideas associated with experiences. It believes in the importance of the structure of the mind. It is primarily used the method called introspection

A

Structuralism

43
Q

Is manifested through an action which is in the realm of sanity and adequate reason

A

Rational

44
Q

Pertains to the application of specialized psychological methods to the treatment of diagnosed mental disorders or to the problems of a person’s daily adjustment.

A

Psychotheraphy

45
Q

Bodily activities which may be detected by instruments and apparatus

A

Nonconscious

46
Q

He stated that all experience may be analyzed

A

John Locke

47
Q

Father of Educational Psychology

A

Edward Thorndike

48
Q

He recognized the first systematic psychometrician and known as the father of classical test theory

A

Charles Spearman

49
Q

The behaviorist stressed the importance of the environment in shaping an individual’s behavior. They realized that human behavior could also be changed by conditioning.

A

Behaviorism

50
Q

Enumerate the four (4) types of temperament

A
  • Sanguine (yellow bile)
  • Phlegmatic (green bile)
  • Melancholic (black bile)
  • Choleric (red bile)
51
Q

He introduced behaviorism in 1913

A

John B. Watson

52
Q

It is a blank tablet that gathers its contents through experiences that an individual will have in his entire life

A

Tabula Rasa

53
Q

He often attributed the initial use of the term “psychology” to his writing

A

Rudolf Gockel

54
Q

He utilized the method of a “animal magnetism” in curing hysteria

A

Franz Anton Mesmer

55
Q

Grew from a combination of gestalt psychology and behavioral psychology. It focuses on how a person knows, understands and thinks about the world around him

A

Cognitive Perspective

56
Q

He combined the Greek Platonic thought with Christian thinking and introduced the method of introspection where the individual tries to describe his own conscious processes.

A

St. Augustine of Hippo

57
Q

It utilizes fewer neurons

A

Simple

58
Q

It refers to the action and reaction of the individual when exposed or placed on a certain situation or environment

A

Behavior

59
Q

He developed his theory of the origin of neurosis. He gave emphasis on the importance of the collective unconscious as the basis of affect to behavior

A

Carl Jung

60
Q

Name the four (4) lines of history and filiations of Philippine psychology

A
  • Academic-scientific psychology
  • Academic-philosophical
    psychology
  • Ethnic or indigenous
    psychology
  • Psycho-medical psychology
61
Q

The branch of psychology that utilizes scientific methods to research of brain and behavior.

A

Experimental Psychology

62
Q

Enumerate the five (5) aims and goals of Psychology

A
  • Describe
  • Understand
  • Predict
  • Control
  • Explain
63
Q

As compared to the mount of neurons used in

A

Complex

64
Q

Developed as a reaction against structuralism. It means to configure or to form a pattern

A

Gestalt

65
Q

Is done with the person’s full will and discretion

A

Voluntary

66
Q

He merged Aristotle’s idea that the mind is a living matter to his idea of immortality

A

St. Thomas Aquinas

67
Q

He conceptualized the importance of superiority and inferiority as a factor that affects man’s existence

A

Alfred Adler

68
Q

Studies the behavior of different animal species to understand how the evolutionary past is connected to what is going on in the modern man’s brain.

A

Evolutionary Perspective

69
Q

The branch of psychology that focuses on internal states such as motivation, problem solving, decision-making, thinking and attention

A

Cognitive Psychology

70
Q

The branch of psychology that focused on the study of how the brain influences behavior. Also called physiological psychology, behavioral neuroscience and psychobiolog

A

Bio-Psychology

71
Q

Are those actions done by an individual yet is not aware of doing so

A

Unconscious

72
Q

Is an organized explanation of certain phenomena believed by groups of people supporting the principle

A

School of Thought

73
Q

He developed the first intelligence quotient test

A

Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon

74
Q

List the eight (8) Psychology and other sciences

A
  • Bio-Psychology
  • Physiological Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Psychotherapy
  • Psychotropics
  • Psychosurgery
  • Social Psychology
  • Psycholinguistic or Psychology
    of language
75
Q

Focuses on how behavior and mental processes relate to changes in the brain and nervous system

A

Neuropsychological Perspective

76
Q

Name the ten (10) major branches of psychology

A
  • Abnormal Psychology
  • Behavioral Psychology
  • Bio-Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Comparative Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology
  • Experimental Psychology
  • Personality Psychology
  • Social Psychology
77
Q

The branch of psychology concerned with schools, teaching psychology, educational issues and students concerns

A

Educational Psychology

78
Q

Also known as behaviorism

A

Behavioral Psychology

79
Q

What are the three (3) steps in scientific method

A
  • Formulating the problem or purpose of the study.
  • Developing a conceptual or theoretical framework and hypotheses on the specific phenomenon to be studied.
  • Gathering pieces of evidence that either support or refute the research framework.
80
Q

A subfield of medicine that deals with the various pharmacological agents utilized to affect behavior, mood and feelings.

A

Psychotropics

81
Q

The study of psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, use and understand language.

A

Psycholinguistic or Psychology of Language

82
Q

Pertains to the action which are done without any apparent reason and explanation

A

Irrational

83
Q

A behavior which is observable and can manifested outwardly

A

Overt

84
Q

The branch of psychology concerned with the study of animal behavior

A

Comparative Pyschology

85
Q

The branch of psychology that looks at psychopathology and abnormal behavior

A

Abnormal Psychology

86
Q

First to formally describe bipolar disorder and coined the term “manic depressive”

A

Emil Kraeplin

87
Q

A behavior of which action is not directly visible

A

Covert

88
Q

It came from the Greek word “psyche” and “logos”

A

Psychology

89
Q

Merged the discipline of sociology and anthropology together with the basic premise about the common concern of psychology

A

Social Psychology

90
Q

The father of medicine. First theorized that mental disorders arose from natural causes. He was the first to classify different mental disorders during the classical period.

A

Hippocrates

91
Q

He was the founder of American Psychology. The most renowned proponent of the scientific basis in the study of human behavior

A

Willian James

92
Q

He believed that the soul is distinct to man and it is God-given

A

Plato

Introduction To Psychology (6 decks)

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