mitógenos, apoptosis y factores de crecimiento

Question 1

apoptosis

Answer 1

progammed cell death, grupos pequeños, membrana intacta, SIN inflamación (skin cells, fetal hands and feet)

Question 2

external factor that causes necrosis

Answer 2

infection, extreme temperature

Question 3

internal factors that causes necorosis

Answer 3

tissue ischemia

Question 4

intrinsec pathway

Answer 4

mitochondial pathway

Question 5

extrinsec pathway

Answer 5

death receptor pathway

Question 6

necrosis

Answer 6

(less common, injury/disease) cell death, grupos grandes, destrucción membrana, INFLAMACIÓN

Question 7

factors that activate intrinsic pathway

Answer 7

radiation, hypoxia, +ca, and oxidative stress (free radical steals electron)

Question 8

bax & bak

Answer 8

intracellular proteins that makes pores in external membrane, frees cytochrome c and SMACS

Question 9

SMACS

Answer 9

deactivates proteins that inhibits apoptosis

Question 10

cytochrome

Answer 10

ATP + enzime Apaf-1 = apoptosome

Question 11

apoptosome

Answer 11

pro-caspase 9 -> caspase 9 -> caspase 3

Question 12

macrophages

Answer 12

eat blabes (ampollas), recycle

Question 13

TNF alpha

Answer 13

released by macrophages (tumor necrosis factor alfa)

Question 14

signals for apoptosis outside cell

Answer 14

old, pathogenic, completed task cells

Question 15

death receptor

Answer 15

tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 accepts TNF alpha

Question 16

death domain

Answer 16

death receptor-> death domain binds FADD + TRADD

Question 17

FADD

Answer 17

FAD associated protein with death domain

Question 18

TRADD

Answer 18

tumor necrosis receptor type-1 associated death domain protein

Question 19

FADD + TRADD

Answer 19

activates DISC (death-inducing signaling complex)

Question 20

caspase-activated by DISC

Answer 20

pro-caspase 8 -> caspase 8 -> caspase 3

Question 21

antigens

Answer 21

citotoxic T linfocite bind to FAS receptor

Question 22

FAS receptor

Answer 22

death domain -> use FADD to make DISC

Question 23

oncosis

Answer 23

toxins/ischemia = damage mitochondria = no atp = ion channels dont work

Question 24

oncosis osmosis

Answer 24

Na+ attracts water -> hemolisis

Question 25

broken cell waste

Answer 25

spilled to neibhor cells -> inmune cells .> inflammation

Question 26

factors realses by macrophages

Answer 26

proteases, reactive oxygen species

Question 27

coagulative necrosis

Answer 27

hypoxic/ischemic cells (affect protein structure & lysosomal enzyme doest function)

Question 28

red infract

Answer 28

blood vessel opens back up

Question 29

tissues mostly affected by cogulative necrosis

Answer 29

heart, kidney and spleen

Question 30

liquefactive necrosis

Answer 30

hydrolytic enzymes make a creamy substance of dead immune cells (brain, pancreas, abcense)

Question 31

hydrolitic enzymes

Answer 31

destroy damged brain cells

Question 32

trypsin

Answer 32

gallstones and alcohol active them, destroy pancreatic tissue itself

Question 33

abcense

Answer 33

neutrophils liquifed tissue = pus

Question 34

gagrenous necrosis

Answer 34

dry (if it is infected neutrophils appears = pus)

Question 35

caseous necrosis

Answer 35

coagulative + liquefactive (cells disintegrate, not digested->cottage cheese)

Question 36

causes

Answer 36

fungal and mycobacterial (tuberculosis)

Question 37

fat necrosis

Answer 37

adipose acids spill inteacelular space + Na = dystrophic calcification

Question 38

pancreatitis

Answer 38

spill lipase, faty acids spill out of the retroperitoneal tissue

Question 39

malignant hypotension

Answer 39

high blood pressure damage arterial walls, fibrin infiltrate and damage more

Question 40

vasculitis

Answer 40

inflammatory process -> destruction of arterial walls