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Development > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Adolescence stages of development

A

11 yrs - 18 yrs

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2
Q

Adolescence (erikson)

A

12-19 yrs / identity vs, role confusion

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3
Q

Pre-adolescence

A

rapid physical growth and secondary sex characteristcs
Girls: 8-10
Boys: 9-11

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4
Q

End of Puberty

A

Females: menses at 12-13
Males: production of sperm

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5
Q

Characteristics of Puberty

A
  1. Primary sex characteristics
  2. secondary sec characteristics
  3. Rapid physical growth
  4. Change in body proportions
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6
Q

Sex Characteristics

A

Primary: testes and ovaries
Secondary: physical appearance

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7
Q

Adolescence Factors Affecting Timing of Puberty

A

Genetics, stress, socioeconomic status, environment, nutrition, fat on body, chronic illness

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8
Q

Puberty in female athletes

A

-delayed
-ovulation occurs after period
-pubertal maturation issues
-ovulatory cycles don’t occur for months to years

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9
Q

Pubertal maturation

A

establishment of cyclic ovarian function

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10
Q

Puberty is second to ______ as most rapid growth

A

Prenatal period

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11
Q

Adolescence Growth spurt order

A

Feet, legs, trunk

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12
Q

Puberty Height increase

A

Male: 4-12 inches
Female: 2-8 inches

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13
Q

Puberty Weight Increase

A

Male: 15-65lbs
Female: 15-65lbs

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14
Q

Adolescence Height Increases

A

Girls: 13-15
Boys: 15-17

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15
Q

Adolescence BMI Index for age

A

Underweight: <5%
Healthy: 5-85%
Overweight: 85-95&
Obese: 95%

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16
Q

Puberty Changes in body proportions

A

-Nose reaches adult size first
-Hands and feet before arms and legs
-LE become longer than trunk

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17
Q

Bone growth stops when?

A

Males: 21
Girls: 18

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18
Q

Adolescence Bones

A

-Immature, porous with unstable growth plates

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19
Q

Adolescence Muscles

A

-adult muscle diameter reached at 12
-strength increases related to age

-Girls: strength levels off at 15
-Boys: strength levels off 13-20

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20
Q

Adolescence Cardiopulmonary System

A

-60-90bpm
-16-24 breaths per min
-increase in size of organs
-higher HR during exercise
-lower stroke volume
-higher cardiac output
-BP lower at rest

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21
Q

Adolescence temperature regulation

A

-greater surface area to body mass
-produce more heat
-lower sweating capacity
-increased risk for temperature related injuries

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22
Q

Adolescence Psychosocial development

A

-social antagonism: need for privacy and hate supervision, wish for independence
-self consciousness
-Search for identity
-emotion issues

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23
Q

Psychosocial Development Young Teens

A

-13-14
-most self centered
-value peer’s opinions

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24
Q

Psychosocial Development Middle Teens

A

-15-16
-better at compromising
-think more independently
-risk taking behaviors

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25
Q

Psychosocial Development Late Teens

A

-17-18
-develop seriousness

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26
Q

Cognitive development

A

-11-14
-increasingly capable of thinking hypothetically
-abstract concepts
-self relective

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27
Q

Adolescence Self Esteem

A

-small gains in second decade of life

Determined by:
attractiveness, peer acceptance, intelligence, athletics, support from peers and family

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28
Q

Adolescence Depression/Suicide

A

-3rd leading cause of death 15-24
-Masked by anxiety, ED, drugs, hyperactivity

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29
Q

Adolescence Destructive Behaviors

A

-Disordered eating (bulimia, anorexia, obesity
-Self harm
-substance abuse

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30
Q

Adolescence Sexuality

A

-48% of high schoolers have sex
-condom use is 57%

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31
Q

Adolescence Sport Injury Risks

A

-growth spurts
-increased training
-sport specialization

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32
Q

Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S)

A

-insufficient caloric intake or excessive expenditure

-decreased muscle strength
-chronic fatigue
-bone loss
-stress

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33
Q

female athlete triad

A

-low bone mass
-menstral disturbance
-energy deficient

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34
Q

Adolescence ACL injury

A

-can occur with growth plate fracture
-increased risk for osteoarthritis

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35
Q

Most common type of scoliosis

A

-right thoracic and left lumbar

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36
Q

Idiopathic adolescent scoliosis (AIS)

A

-most common spinal deformity with 3d rotation

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37
Q

AIS screening age

A

Girls: 10-12
Boys: 13-14

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38
Q

What bony landmarks are looked at for scoliosis?

A

-scapula (uneven), iliac crest (elevated), spinous process (body shift), arm gapping

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39
Q

Refferal for scoliosis

A

10+ degrees

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40
Q

Diagnosis of scoliosis

A

20+ degrees

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41
Q

Naming convention for scoliosis

A

Convex side and left or right

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42
Q

Orthotic intervention for scoliosis

A

25-45 degree curves

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43
Q

Surgical intervention for scoliosis

A

45-50 degree curves

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44
Q

ATNR Diminishing Age

A

3-9th months

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45
Q

STNR

A

-neck is flexed, UE flex nad LE extend
-neck is extended, UE extend and LE flex
-Emerges 6-9m
-Diminishes 9-11months

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46
Q

Middle age stages of development?

A

40-65 yrs

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47
Q

Middle adulthood (Erikson)

A

26-64yrs / generavity vs. Stagnation

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48
Q

Midlife crisis

A

-period of transition where you struggle with identity and self-confidence
-40-60s

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49
Q

Middle Adulthood Considerations

A

-role in society and functional needs

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50
Q

Middle Adulthood Vision

A

-Presbyopia: loss of accommodative ability of the lens
-reduced dim light vision
-increased glare sensitivity
-diminished color sensitivity
-increased risk of glaucoma

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51
Q

Middle Adulthood Hearing

A

-Presbycusis: age related hearing loss, begins with loss of high frequencies
-ability of to to distinguish sounds becomes harder

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52
Q

Middle Adulthood Muscle

A

-strength declines at 30
-each decade declines 5%
-increased occurrence of muscle strains
-LE strength reduced by 40% btwn 30-80
-increased fat deposits

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53
Q

Middle Adulthood Bone

A

-Osteoporosis=10% of adults over 50, risk increases 5 fold (7-35%) in women, risk increases 3 fold in men (3-11%)

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54
Q

Middle Adulthood Balance

A

-coordination declines in 30

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55
Q

Middle Adulthood Vestibular System

A

-begins to decline in 40s
-decreased sensory cells and nerve fibers 40%
-dizziness and vertigo past 50
-Increased threshold of excitation

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56
Q

Menopause

A

-absence of menses for 12 months
-average age 51
-ovaries begin to atrophy and decline of estrogen and progesterone

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57
Q

Perimenopause

A

-3-5 years before menopause
-estrogen and progesterone fluctuate

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58
Q

Post-menopause

A

-end of females reproductive years
-end of ovulation, produce small levels of estrogen and progesterone
-increased risk of heart disease and osteoporosis due to estrogen decrease
-symptoms galore

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59
Q

Andropause

A

-symptoms men have during decreased testosterone production (hypogonadism)
-increases risk of metabolic syndrome

-decrease erections, slowed ejaculation, decreased muscle mass, erectile dysfunction, hair loss, insomnia, bone loss

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60
Q

Middle Adulthood Cardiopulmonary Changes

A

-heart disease, 2nd most common cause of death 45-64
-25% of american deaths
-atherosclerosis: build up of plaque in arteries
-silent killers

-74-76bpm, BP 140/85, 10-20 respiratory rate

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61
Q

Middle Adulthood Cancer

A

-leading cause of death 45-64
-breast, prostate, lung, colon

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62
Q

Geriatrics Stages of Development

A

65+

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63
Q

Geriatrics Erikson

A

65+Ego integrity vs. dispair

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64
Q

For every 100 woman over 65-74 there are_____

A

86 men

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65
Q

15% of people 85+ live_____

A

in long term care facilites

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66
Q

Theories of Programmed Aging

A

-Hayflick Limit
-Neuroendocrine and Hormonal theory
-Caloric restriction theory

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67
Q

Neuroendocrine and Hormonal Therory

A

-aging decreases the promotion of hormones

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68
Q

Caloric restriction theory

A

-caloric restriction extends lifespan and slows aging
-reduces metabolic rate and oxidative stress

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69
Q

Theories of aging Stochastic

A

-Free radical
-error/catastrophe theory
-somatic mutation theory
-cross linking theory

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70
Q

Free Radical Theory

A

-free radicals damage cells

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71
Q

Error/catastrophe theory

A

-errors ini DNA accumulate and kill the cells

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72
Q

Somatic Mutation Theory

A

-genetic damage or mutation results from radiation

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73
Q

Cross linking theory

A

-cross-linking of proteins that slow normal cell processes

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74
Q

Successful Aging

A

-capacity to function across all domains
-physical, cognitive, active engagement, low risk of disease

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75
Q

Primary Aging

A

-inevitable and happens in all systems

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76
Q

Secondary Aging

A

-lifestyle, environment, disease

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77
Q

Typical aging

A

-gradual decline in function of most systems

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78
Q

Atypical Aging

A

-aging due to disease
-cognitive decline

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79
Q

Geriatric Musculoskeletal

A

-5-10% of muscle loss 20-50
-12-15 muscle loss each decade after 50
-peak bone density at 30

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80
Q

Geriatric Neuromuscular

A

-Decrease in brain, vascular supply
-increase risk for neuro diseases

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81
Q

Geriatric Neuro red flags

A

-loss of consciousness
-confusion
-seizures
-sudden incontinence
-sudden gait abnormalities

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82
Q

Geriatric Cardiopulmonary

A

-heart disease #1
-VO2 max decreases 10% every decade past 20
-decrease pacemaker cells
-heart cells thicken

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83
Q

Geriatric Visual

A

-Presbyopia: loss of accommodative ability of the lens
-reduced dim light vision
-diminished color sensitivity from yellowing of lens
-glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration, retinopathy

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84
Q

Cataracts

A

clouding of lens due to protein buildup
-70% of adults at 75

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85
Q

Glaucoma

A

-loss of peripheral vision

86
Q

Macular degeneration

A

loss of central clarity

87
Q

Retinopathy

A

damaged BV in eyes

88
Q

Geriatric Integumentary

A

-largest organ, 15%
-less thick, less nerves/BV
-less thermoregulation
-less cell turnover
-longer healing
-less mast cells
-infection risk
-less collagen and elastic

89
Q

Pressure Injuries

A

-can develop in 2 hours
-skin tears

90
Q

Geriatric Cognition

A

-decreases everywhere
-long term memory and procedural are stable
-retention of new info stable but needs more cues
-visual recognition of objects are stable

91
Q

Atypical Cognition Aging

A

-mood changes
-visual-spacial changes
-memory changes
-difficulty communicating

92
Q

Mild cognitive impairment

A

-do not interfere with ADLS (unlike dementia and Alzheimer’s)
-19% 65-75, 38% 85+
-gradual, opposite of learning

93
Q

Dementia

A

-umbrella term for disorders of the brain
-affects thinking, behavior , and ADLs

2 or more to meet criteria
-memory
-reasoning and judgment
-communication
-focus issues
-visual perception

94
Q

Delirium

A

-sudden change in mental function
-slurred speech, hallucination, agitation

Causes
-UTI, dehydration, hospitalization, drug interactions

95
Q

Geriatric Depression

A

-most common mental health condition 65+ (11-16%), (30-44% in living communities)
-can mimic dementia

96
Q

Geriatric Common conditions

A

-Hypertension, arthritis, heart disease, diabetes, frailty, cancer, stroke, UTIs, pneumonia

97
Q

Geriatric Mortality conditions

A

-Heart diseases
-cancer
-Covid

98
Q

Geriatric Cancer

A

-Breast, prostate, lung, colorectal
-spinal metastasis

Signs
-constant pain at night that doesnt change with movement
-weight loss
-back pain
-fatigue

99
Q

Geriatric Diabetes Complications

A

-diabetic neuropathy
-retinopathy
-wound healing
-increased stroke risk and cancer risk

100
Q

Frailty

A

-decreased physiologic reserve across multiple systems
-affects physical, cognitive, and psychological
-underweight, low energy, slowness, inactivity

Predictive of:
-falls
-hospitalization
-death
-disability

101
Q

Fit (not frail)

A

-conditions well controlled or absent
-physically active
-gait of >1.2 m/s
-TUG <10s

102
Q

Mild frailty (prefrail)

A

-slowing, may need help with IADLs
-beginning to restrict life
-gait of 0.8-1.2 m/s
-TUG 10-15s

103
Q

Moderate frailty

A

-difficult outdoor mobility
-may need help with ADLS
-Restricted life
-gait of 0.5-0.8 m/s
-TUG 15-20s

104
Q

Severe Frailty (end stage)

A

-dependent with ADLs
-dying (6-12m)
-gait of <0.5 m/s
-TUG >20s

105
Q

Geriatric Stroke

A

-leading cause of long term disability
-reduce mobility
-FAST

Risk factors
-age
-high BP
-diabetes

106
Q

Geriatric UTIs

A

-most common hospitalization for infection
-10% of women over 65

Signs
-change in mental function (mimics dementia)
-flank pain
-hematuria

107
Q

Geriatric Pneumonia

A

-4x more likely in older adults, 5x more likely to be hospitalized
-decreased ability to clear airway (diaphragm and intercostals)
-2nd leading cause of hospital acquired infection (8-10% of admissions, 50% of sepsis, 33% mortality rate)

108
Q

Ageism

A

-earlier death by 7.5 years

109
Q

Polypharmacy

A

-excessive or inappropriate use of meds
-65+ purchase 30% of meds
-more likely to have adverse reactions, 50% take 1 unneeded drug
-average older adults take 5 meds, average nursing home 7 meds

Signs
-no reason, duplicate, interacting, contraindicated, dosage, treatment of reactions

110
Q

Polypharmacy Pharmacokinetics: Absorption

A

Decreased
-gastric acid
-stomach emptying
-motility

111
Q

Polypharmacy Pharmacokinetics: Distribution

A

Decreased
-h20
-plasma proteins
-lean body mass

Increased
-fat

112
Q

Polypharmacy Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism

A

Decrease
-liver mass
-blood flow to liver
-enzyme activity

113
Q

Polypharmacy Pharmacokinetics: Excretion

A

Decreased
-kidney mass
-blood flow to kidneys
-nephron function

114
Q

Geriatric common meds

A

Laxatives, BP meds, diuretics, DM meds

NSAIDS: GI stress
Opioids: sedation
Antidepressants: confusion
Barbiturates/antihypertensives: depression
Antihypertensives: orthostatic hypotension
Diuretics/glucocorticoids: fatigue and weakness

115
Q

Geriatric Falls

A

-29% of people 65+
-50 bil per year

-Gait speed 6th risk factor
-Cutoff for community @ 0.8m/s gait
-TUG: 13.5s (8.5s for falls)
-Sit to stand: 11.4s
-BERG: 45/56

Work on balance, somatosensory, vestibular, AD training, environment mods, CV endurance

116
Q

Balance Outcome measure for Geriatric Patients

A

-Berg Balance
-Sharpened romberg: feet together, tandem, semi tandem witih eyes open and closed
-4 square step
-functional reach
-MiniBEST

117
Q

Self-Report Outcome measure for Geriatric Patients

A

-MFES: modified falls
-Efficacy scale
-Fear of falling avoidance Q

118
Q

Functional Outcome measure for Geriatric Patients

A

-Sit to stand
-TUG
-WT?

119
Q

Endurance Outcome measure for Geriatric Patients

A

-6 min walk test
-step test

120
Q

Disability

A

-4% visible

Types
-ambulation
-cognitive
-visual
-hearing
-medical

121
Q

Medicare

A

-65+ or disability
Part A: IP, SNF, HH, Hospice
Part B: OP, DME

122
Q

Medicaid

A

-low income, pregnant, responsible for minor, disabilities

123
Q

Discharge Planning: Independent Living

A

-walk 400m (different terrains, obstacles)
-1.2 m/s gait
-carry 1 gallon/8lbs

124
Q

Discharge Planning: Inpatient

A

-3 hrs per day of therapy
-high level of prior function
-not safe to go home

125
Q

Discharge Planning: Skilled nursing facility (SNF)

A

-unable to do 3 hrs a day
-variable prior function
-moderate progress

126
Q

Discharge Planning: Outpatient

A

-high level of function
-stable needs
-community travel

127
Q

Discharge Planning: Home health

A

-limited ambulation
-safe at home
-good functional prognosis

128
Q

Discharge Planning: Long term acute care

A

-high complexity
-poor prognosis
-less need for skilled therapy

129
Q

Discharge Planning: palliative care

A

-chronic illness
-treat pain and suffering
-fix things other than physical

130
Q

Discharge Planning: Hospice

A

-end of life care
-6 months or less
-manage pain and symptoms

131
Q

Discharge Planning: Advanced Care Directives

A

-identify preferences for care

Living wills, DNR, medical orders for life sustaining care, power of attorney

132
Q

Geriatric PT intervensions

A

-group exercise
-resistance exercise
-aquatic exercise
-balance training
-power training
-Home training/modifications

Sensory loss
-bright colors
-large print
-less background noise
-strong smells
-avoid temperature extremes

133
Q

Leading Causes of Death in men

A

-heart disease
-cancer
-unintentional injuries

134
Q

Heart Disease in Men

A

-50% of deaths 65+
-1/4 have CHD (CAD most common blood vessel disease 47%)

135
Q

Coronary Artery Disease

A

-#1 killer of men
-plaque buildup

Symptoms
-chest pain
-arrhythmia
-heart attack

136
Q

Risk Factors for Heart Disease in Men

A

-hypertension
-high cholesterol
-tobacco use

137
Q

Coronary Angioplasty

A

-catheter and balloon in artery

138
Q

Coronary Bypass Surgery

A

-take vein from other part of body and move it to heart

139
Q

Cancer risk factors in Men

A

-smoking
-obesity
-inactivity
-genetic predisposition

140
Q

Most common Cancers in Men

A

-Prostate (10m)
-Lung (7m)
-Colorectal (4.4)

141
Q

Prostate

A

-produces fluid to make semen and controls urethral output
-grows 21x compared to birth weight (1.5g - 31g) due to decreasing testosterone

142
Q

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

A

-enlargement of the prostate
-20% 50s, 60% 60s, 70% 70s

Lower Urinary tract Symptoms (LUTS)
-frequency, urgency, urge Incont., nocturia

143
Q

Treatments for BPH

A

-lifestyle mods
-Surgery
-Medications
Alpha blockers: relax prostate and bladder neck
Alpha reductase inhibitors: reduce size

144
Q

Prostate Cancer RF

A

-age
-family history
-Race

145
Q

Prostate Cancer Symptoms

A

-pain with urination
-blood in urine
-back, hip or pelvic pain
-painful ejaculation

146
Q

Prostate Cancer Screening

A

-Digital Rectal Exam
-Prostate Specific Antigen test

147
Q

Prostate Cancer Treatment

A

-Surgery
-radiation
-hormone
-Chemo

148
Q

St. Louis ADAM questionnarie

A

-Androgen Deficiency in Ageing Males
-depression can increase score

149
Q

Causes of Andropause

A

-alcohol
-obesity
-smoking
-hight BP
-diet
-sedentary

150
Q

Osteoporosis in Men

A

-25% of 50+
-testosterone deficiency

Primary Osteoporosis
-age

Secondary Osteoporosis
-lifestyle behaviors

Risk Factors
-alcohol
-caffeine
-immobilization
-meds (glucocorticoids)

151
Q

Metabolic Syndrome

A

-25% of population
-need 3 or +

-deadly quartet
1.Diabetes
2. Obesity
3. Hypertension
4. Dylipidemia

152
Q

Common Male injuries

A

-back injuries
-shoulder injuries (overuse and rotator cuff)
-fractures

4x more likely to drown, 50% alcohol

153
Q

Male Depression

A

-6 million men
-more successful with suicide

154
Q

Common Male Pelvic Floor Disorders

A

-Chronic Prostatitis: non infectious
-Neuralgias
-Anismus: spasm of anal region
-ED

155
Q

Endometriosis

A

-endometrial tissue grows outside of uterus
-11% of women 15-44
-Most common 30-40

RF
-Nulliparous
-long periods and short cycles
-family hx

156
Q

Interstitial Cystitis

A

-Painful bladder syndrome
-chronic pain of bladder, pelvis and genitals
-3-8mil women

Sym
-Pain, urinary frequency, pressure, dysuria, UTI

157
Q

Primary Dysmenorrhea

A

-most common
-pain from contractions of uterus

RF
-early period (<11)
-bad periods
-smoking
-stress

158
Q

Secondary Dysmenorrhea

A

-caused by associated medical conditions: endometriosis, fibroids, cysts

159
Q

Anorexia

A

-restriction of calories and over exercising

Can cause:
-heart issues
-anemia
-osteoporosis
-kidney issues
-amenorrhea

160
Q

Bulimia

A

-binging and purging to lose weight
-2% of women (15-29)

Sym
-tooth decay
-broken blood vessels
-dehydration

161
Q

Binge Eating

A

-once a week for 3 months
-3% of women (early to mid 30s)
-dieting increasing risk 12x

162
Q

Mental Health conditions that affect Women more than men

A

-Anxiety 2x
-depression 2x
-PTSD 2x
-BPD
-body dysmorphia
-Postpartum depression

163
Q

Pregnancy MSK changes

A

-forward chin, eyes down
-shoulders forward and slouched
-anterior pelvic tilt, strained abs, butt out
-hyper extension of knees
-weight on inner borders of feet

164
Q

Diastasis Recti

A

-stretching of linea aspera 2> inches
-33% at 21 weeks, 60% at 6 weeks post, 45% at 6 months post, 32% at 12 months postpartum

165
Q

Pregnancy Related Pelvic Pain

A

-20% of pregnancies
-low back pain

Signs
-waddle gait, grinding in pubis area

166
Q

Autoimmune Conditions

A

-75% women
-3x more than men

167
Q

Heart Attack signs in Women

A

-pain in jaw, neck, throat
-nausea/vom
-indigestion
-heartburn
-tiredness
-dyspnea

168
Q

Stroke in Women

A

-after 85, more likely than man
-2x more likely than 20-39yrs
-repeat strokes in 5 years

169
Q

Breast Cancer

A

-peaks around 75-80
-very few before 45

170
Q

Ovarian Cancer

A

-most common reproductive cancer
-1/78 chances
-older than 63

RF
-family hx
-genetic mutation BRCA or lynch syndrome
-other cancers (breast, uterine, colon)
-jewish
-endometriosis
-never given birth

171
Q

Cervical Cancer

A

-hpv virus
-hispanic women have higher rates, black women die more

RF
-HIV
-smoking
-parity
-birth control

172
Q

Osteoporosis

A

-1/4 women 65+

RF
-small frame
-post-menopausal
-family hx

173
Q

Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

A

-PF disorders, weakening of the support structures

Ex
-prolapse
-incontinence

RF
-pregnancy/childbirth
-aging
-obesity

174
Q

Pelvic Organ Prolapse

A

-1/3 women

175
Q

Stress Incontinence

A

-1/3
-urethra support structures

176
Q

Overactive bladder

A

-urge incontinence
-15% of women
-urge followed by leaking from triggers

177
Q

Bowel Leakage

A

-6-15%

RF
-perineal tear
-forceps
-diabetes
-radiation
-constipation

178
Q

Constipation

A

-slow transit, obstructed, dyssynergic
-women (19.7%) more than men (10%)
-1-8% of Americans

179
Q

What age makes up the infancy stage of development?

A

0-1 year

180
Q

Neonatal stage of development?

A

O - 2 weeks

181
Q

Infant Stage of development

A

3 weeks - 1 year

182
Q

Toddlerhood Stage of development

A

13m - 2y 11 M

183
Q

Early childhood Stage of development

A

3 years - 10 years, 11 M

184
Q

Preschool stages development Stage of development

A

3yrs - 5 yrs

185
Q

Elementary school stages of development

A

5 yrs - 10yr, 11 m

186
Q

Adolescence stages of development

A

11 yrs - 18 yrs

187
Q

Young adulthood stages of development

A

18 - 22/25

188
Q

Adulthood stages of development?

A

22-40yrs

189
Q

Middle age stages of development?

A

40-65 yrs

190
Q

Late adulthood pages of development?

A

65+ yrs

191
Q

Infancy (erikson)

A

0-l yr / trust vs. Mistrust

192
Q

Early childhood (erikson)

A

1-3 yrs / autonomy vs. shame

193
Q

Preschool (erikson)

A

3-6 yrs/ Initiative vs. Guilt

194
Q

School age (erikson)

A

6-12 yrs /industry vs. Inferiority

195
Q

Adolescence (erikson)

A

12-19 yrs / identity vs, role confusion

196
Q

Young adult (erikson)

A

20-25 yrs / intimacy vs. Isolation

197
Q

Middle adulthood (Erikson)

A

26-64yrs / generavity vs. Stagnation

198
Q

Maturity (erikson)

A

65+/ego integrity vs. Despair

199
Q

Vertical line of body alignment

A

Mastoid process, anterior to shoulders, hip joints, anterior to knee joints, anterior to ankle joints

200
Q

Newborn developmental changes

A

Large head, c curve of spine, flexion predominates

201
Q

First 3 months developmental changes

A

Flexed posture, limb symmetry, increased spine extension, midline orientation, lift head

202
Q

4 to 6 months developmental changes

A

Lumbar extension, head held up, hands knees position, sitting at 6 months

203
Q

7 to 9 months developmental changes

A

Quadraped positions, creeping, sitting

204
Q

10 to 12 month developmental changes

A

Vertical posture, pull to stand, walking

205
Q

2 to 6 years developmental changes

A

Loss of body fat, gain more balance and flexibility

206
Q

7 to 12 years developmental changes

A

Improved symmetry, adult skills refined, growth spurt, puberty

207
Q

Adolescence developmental changes : posture control

A

11 years to 18 years. Ideal posture

208
Q

Adulthood developmental changes: posture control

A

18 to 40 years. Reduced symmetry, ideal posture

209
Q

Older Adulthood developmental changes

A

40 plus. Flexed posture, kyphosis, internal shoulder rot, cervical extension, issues with transition movements, less balance and strength

210
Q

ACSM School-aged children Activity Recommendations

A

-60 min/day vigorous; aerobic: running, biking
-3x/week; strengthening: gymnastics, climbing, monkey bars, yoga
-3x/week; bone loading: jump rope, hopscotch, tennis, basketball

211
Q

ACSM Healthy Adults Activity Recommendations

A

-30min/5 day moderate intensity (can talk) or 20min/3 day vigorous intensity (can’t talk); aerobic
-Resistance 2x/wk
-Flexibility 2x/wk

Development (7 decks)

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