Posterior Triangle Of The Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What is found on the roof of the posterior triangle ?

A
  • skin
  • superficial fascia
  • platysma muscle
  • investing fascia of the neck
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2
Q

What is the anterior boundary of the posterior triangle ?

A

The posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid

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3
Q

What is the posterior boundary of the posterior triangle ?

A

The anterior border of the trapezius

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4
Q

What is the inferior boundary of the posterior triangle ?

A

The middle 3rd of the clavicle

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5
Q

What is found on the floor of posterior triangle ?

A

The prevertebral muscles covered with the prevertebral layer of the deep cervical fascia

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6
Q

Which muscles are on the floor of the posterior triangle ?

A
  • splenius capitis
  • levator scapulae
  • scalene muscles
    • posterior scalene
    • middle scalene
    • anterior scalene
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7
Q

What divides the posterior triangle into the occipital triangle and the supraclavicular triangle ?

A

The inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle

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8
Q

What does cutaneous innervation mean ?

A

innervation to the skin

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9
Q

What is the punctum nervosum ?

A

The nerve point of the neck

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10
Q

Which nerves are involved in the cutaneous innervation of the neck ?

A

Great auricular nerve
Lesser occipital nerve
Accessory nerve (not part of cutaneous innervation)
Supraclavicular nerve
Transverse cervical nerve

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11
Q

What is the cervical plexus ?

A

A network of nerves that supply the neck
It is formed by the anterior rami of the first 4 cervical spinal nerves (C1 to C4)

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12
Q

Are the deep branches of the cervical plexus motor or sensory ?

A

Motor

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13
Q

Are the superficial branches of the cervical plexus motor or sensory ?

A

Sensory

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14
Q

Which superficial branches of the cervical plexus arise from C2 to C3 ?

A
  • great auricular nerve
  • lesser occipital nerve
  • transverse cervical nerve
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15
Q

Which superficial branch of the cervical plexus arises from C3 to C4 ?

A

Supraclavicular nerve

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16
Q

What does the spinal accessory nerve supply ?

A

Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

17
Q

What is the origin of the subclavian artery ?

A

Left subclavian artery = aortic arch
Right subclavian artery = brachiocephalic trunk

18
Q

What are the 5 main groups of the horizontal superficial nodes ?

A
  • submental
  • submandibular
  • parotid (superficial and deep)
  • retroauricular
  • occipital
19
Q

What are the 2 main groups of the horizontal deep nodes ?

A
  • retropharyngeal
  • paratracheal, pretracheal, prelaryngeal and infrahyoid
20
Q

Which oral structures drain into the submandibular nodes ?

A
  • maxillary teeth
  • gingivae
  • upper lip
21
Q

Which oral structure drains into the submental nodes ?

A
  • lower lip
22
Q

Which oral structures drain into the deep cervical nodes ?

A
  • mandibular teeth
  • palatine tonsils
23
Q

Where does the tip of the tongue drain into ?

A

Drains into the submental nodes

24
Q

Where does the lateral anterior 2/3 of the tongue drain into ?

A

Submandibular nodes

25
Q

Where does the medial anterior 2/3 of tongue drain into ?

A

Deep cervical nodes

26
Q

Where does the posterior 1/3 of the tongue drain into ?

A

Retropharyngeal nodes

27
Q

Where does the brachial plexus arise from ?

A

The anterior rami of C5 to T1
Found between the anterior and middle scalene muscles