Epi Racemic (Micronefrin)

Question 1

Class

Answer 1

Sympathomimetic

Question 2

Description

Answer 2

A bronchodilator that stimulates beta-2 receptors in the lungs, resulting in relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles

This alleviates Bronchospasm, increases vital capacity, & reduces airway resistance

Treats laryngeal edema

Inhibits the release of histamine

Question 3

Onset & Duration

Answer 3

Onset: within 5 minutes

Duration: 1-3 hours

Question 4

Indications

Answer 4

Bronchial asthma

Bronchospasm tx

Croup

Laryngeal edema

Question 5

Contraindications

Answer 5

Hypertension

Underlying cardiovascular disease

Epiglottis

Question 6

Adverse reactions

Answer 6

Tachycardia

Dysthymias

Question 7

Drug interactions

Answer 7

MAO inhibitors may potentiate the effects of epinephrine

Beta adrenergic antagonists may blunt bronchodilating response

Sympathomimetic & phosphodiesterase inhibitors may exacerbate the dysthymia response

Question 8

How supplied

Answer 8

MDI: 0.16-0.25 mg/spray

Solution: 7.5, 15, 30 mL in 1%, 2.25% solution

Question 9

Dosage & Administration (Adult)

Answer 9

MDI: 2-3 inhalations, repeat once in 5 minutes prn

Solution: Dilute 0.5 mL (1% or 2.25%) in 5 mL of saline, administer over 15 minutes

Question 10

Dosage & Administration (Ped)

Answer 10

Solution: 2.25% inhalation solution (0.25-0.5 mL Nebulized) diluted in 3 mL NS; may be repeated in 2 hours if severe symptoms persist

Question 11

Special Considerations

Answer 11

Pregnancy safety: Category C

May produce tachycardia & other dysrhythmias

Monitor VS closely

Excessive use may cause bronchospasm

Rebound exacerbation of severe croup may occur following drug administration