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Principles of Sociology > lecture 7: race and ethnicity > Flashcards

lecture 7: race and ethnicity Flashcards

1
Q

race

A

a social construct used to separate people by numerous physical appearance

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2
Q

what does race create?

A

create/justifies social inequality

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3
Q

what does social construction NOT mean

A

NOT mean they have people have choice or freedom to change race

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4
Q

ethnicity

A

reflects someones culture, including language, religion, customs or values

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5
Q

ethnicity facts

A
  1. NOT a physical characteristic you were born in
  2. you are socialized into your ethnicity
  3. NOT same as race and nationality
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6
Q

thinker

objective definitions of ethnicity

A

assume that ethnic groups exist because of peoples attachment

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7
Q

subjective approaches to ethnicity

A

focus on process of ethnic identification

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8
Q

cultural hegemony

A

control of culture by dominant classes and oter groups where their values are universally accepted as common sense

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9
Q

why is race so important?

A
  1. race is used to create inequality and hierarchy
  2. revealed the operation of unequal power relations in society
  3. promoted unequal distributions of power and access to resources/opp.
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10
Q

otherness: sociology

A

phenomenon where groups or individuals as people are seen to be apart of the dominant in group

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11
Q

what is the purpose of the dominant controlling resources?

A

control how other ethnic and racial groups are imagined and represented

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11
Q

what are the dominant controlling resources?

A
  1. writing
  2. history
  3. making art
  4. taking pictures
  5. setting up museums
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12
Q

what are the forms of otherness

A
  1. primitivism
  2. exoticism
  3. orientalism
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13
Q

primitivism

A

how non-european cultures were described as savage and uncivilized by european people

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14
Q

primitivism: ethnocentric view point

A

european people saw themselves as the pinnacle of evolution

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15
Q

example of primitivism

A

residential schools

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16
Q

exoticism

A

ideal version of “otherness” in western standards

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17
Q

exoticism: ethnocentric viewpoint

A
  1. fascination as they are seen to be
    - mystical
    - fantastical
    - romanticized
    - glamourized
  2. more tolerated then representation of primitivism
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18
Q

different types of primitivism

A
  1. ambiguity
  2. hybridity
  3. imagination
    4, desire
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19
Q

core countries

A

capitalist countries that are the worlds major sources of capital and technology

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20
Q

peripheral countries

A

worlds major sources of raw materials and cheap labour

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21
Q

semi-peripheral countries

A

former countries making progress in wealth

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22
Q

american ppl and their feelings of arabs/turks/middle eastern culture

Orientalism includes

A

representations, fascinations, and fear of people and culture

23
Q

Orientalism ethnocentric views include

A
  1. barbaric
  2. sensual and exotic
  3. decadent
  4. untrustworthy
24
Q

what is orientalism

A

enforces exaggerated
differences between east and west
that assumes western superiority

25
Q

racism

A

inherent belief that there are physical differences between groups of people
– it determines their, achievements, moral values, and behaviour as people/individuals

26
Q

what does racism do?

A

legitimizes inequality between groups

27
Q

Colonialism

A

people from one country taking/invading another countries political, economic and cultural assets

28
Q

internal colonialism

A

one race or group subjecting another in the same country.
prevents assimilation by segregating group in jobs, housing and social contacts

29
Q

blending

assimilation

A

minority group blends into majority population, as disappears as distinct people in larger society

30
Q

best ways to describe Indigenous peoples in Canada

A
  1. Expulsions
  2. Genocide
31
Q

palestine

expulsions

A

forcible removal of population, from territory claimed by another

32
Q

genocide

A

intentional extermination of a population defined by race or a people

33
Q

model minority

A

a standard where minorities are set to be considered upstanding citizens
ex: “asians are good at math” “indians smell bad”

34
Q

stereotypes

A

generalization, usually based on incomplete info

35
Q

prejudice

A

attitudes and racist beliefs that tend to favour one group over another or treat unequal
1. attitudes are contempt, fear, and loathing

35
Q

what is the problem of model minority

A
  1. ignores challenges POC have experienced
  2. further reinforces racial divide
36
Q

what is the problem of prejudice

A
  1. often come from stereotypes
  2. preconvinced negative opinion or attitude about a group of people
  3. negative stereotypes are rooted on an early age
36
Q

discrimination

A

act of treating someone unequal based on race, prejudge, and stereotype

37
Q

positive forms of discrimination

A

better educational opportunities, work promtion and access to services

38
Q

negative forms of discrimination

A

withholding of rights and basic care

39
Q

racialization

A

how certain behaviours, attitudes, habits, and expectations become linked to a specific group

40
Q

forms of racism

A
  1. physical brutality
  2. microaggressions
  3. institutional and systemic racism
  4. cultural appropriation
41
Q

microaggressions

A

brief everyday, exchanges that send denigrating messages to people because of their group membership

42
Q

Institutional and systemic racism

A

inherent bias in social institutions
1. often not noticed by
members of the majority group

42
Q

britsh museums

forms of cultural appropiation

A
  1. stealing artifacts and using them inappropriately (british musems)
  2. mocking of culture
43
Q

colonization

A

extent of control over an area

44
Q

How is colonization taking place in the 20th century?

A
  1. foreign people travel to place then dominate place’s people, culture, economy
  2. access to resources
  3. include make-up of people, cultures, language, etc
45
Q

colonialism: canadian perspective

A

indigenous people didnt want to use their land like europeans did

46
Q

colonial differences in land were

A
  1. agriculture
  2. urban development
  3. resource extraction
  4. creation of villages, towns, and cities
47
Q

what are the consequences of settler society?

A
  1. deny and minimize conquest of genocide and exploitation of indigenous
  2. immigrants of colour are seen as “arriving to late”
48
Q

charter groups

A

british and french

49
Q

why do indigenous people have poor health outcomes

A
  1. high poverty, unemployment and housing
  2. fewer healthcare professionals in remote areas
  3. marginalization, dismissed, and disregard in healthcare
  4. suffer from residential instability
50
Q

marginalization

A

process that denies people to important positions/power within any society

51
Q

cons of marginalization: indigenous peoples

A
  1. suffer mentally
  2. higher suicide rates

Principles of Sociology (13 decks)

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