knowledge 4.2 / skill 4.1 Flashcards
diatomic molecules
elements which are always found in paired molecules (2 atoms)
which elements are diatomic molecules?
hydrogen, oxygen, fluorine, bromine, iodine, nitrogen, chlorine
chemical bond
a mutual attraction bet ween the the nucleus (positive charge) and valence electrons (negative charge) of different atoms which binds the atoms together
covalent bond
nonmetals + nonmetals
electron pairs are shared
ionic bond
nonmetal + metal
electrons are TRANSFERRED
metallic bond
metal + metal
molecule
NEUTRAL group of atoms held by covalent bonds
octet rule
atoms like to have 8 electrons in their valence shell, so they will form to make chemical compounds according to that preference
dual rule
only applies to hydrogen and helium, atoms like to have 2 electrons in their valnece shell when they make compounds
which 2 orbitals are included in the number of valence electrons?
s and p electrons
besides the dual rule, what’s another exception to the octet rule
boron - likes to form with 6 electrons because of its 3 valence electrons
how do you name binary molecular compounds?
first element - do NOT use mono if only one
second element - put “ide” at the end, use mono if single
mono
one atom
di
2 atoms
tri
3 atoms
