Chapter 1: Psychology as a Science Flashcards

1
Q

What are the sources of knowledge that scientists rely on?

A

Rationalism and Empiricism

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2
Q

What is empericism?

A

The practice of relying on observation to draw conclusions

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3
Q

What is rationalism?

A

Involves logical reasoning; can have logically sound argument, but false premises

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4
Q

What is inductive reasoning?

A

Specific to general

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5
Q

What is deductive reasoning?

A

General to specific

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6
Q

What is a variable?

A

An event or behavior that has at least two values

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7
Q

What is systematic empiricism?

A

Test hypothesis and develop or refute a theory; more reliable and valid conclusions than from observation alone

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8
Q

What is an empirically solvable problem?

A

Research problems that are potentially solvable with currently available techniques/is falsifiable

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9
Q

What is publicly verifiable knowledge?

A

Research shared with the public so it can be known, replicated, and critiqued

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10
Q

What is basic research?

A

Research designed to seek knowledge; designed to test hypothesis/theory. Typically two-tailed. More stringent hypothesis test.

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11
Q

What is applied research?

A

describing evidence to find solutions/attempts to find practical solutions to existing problems

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12
Q

What is descriptive research?

A

Requires just one variable; the variable is measured not manipulated/only description not predicition or explanation

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13
Q

What is predictive research?

A

Requires two variables; variables are measured not manipulated/only description or predication not explanation

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14
Q

What is explanatory research

A

Requires at least two variables; the variables are measured and manipulated/can be used for description, prediction, and explanation

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15
Q

Can you prove a theory to be true?

A

You cannot prove a theory to be true, but you can prove it to be false/you can find evidence that supports

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16
Q

What is the research process? (IRGDAC)

A

Identify a problem, Review the scientific literature, Generate testable and falsifiable hypothesis, Design and conduct one or more research studies, Analyze and interpret the results, Communicate research findings