Chapter 13: Quasi-Experimental and Single-Case Designs Flashcards
How does a quasi experiment differ from a true experiment?
There is no true control group, the IV is measured not manipulated, participants are not randomly assigned to treatment conditions
Quasi-experimental research is best characterized as what type of research?
Predictive research; it can establish differences/similarities/relationship, but can’t establish causal relationship
How does the internal validity of quasi-experimental research compare to experimental research?
Less internal validity
What are two distinctions made in the design of a quasi-experiment?
(1) the number of groups of participants (2) how often performance is assessed
What are the types of quasi-experimental designs?
(1) single-group posttest only (2) single-group pretest/postest (3) single-group time series (4) nonequivalent control group posttest only (5) nonequivalent control group pretest/posttest (6) nonequivalent control group time-series
Is data analyzed the same in a quasi experiment in comparison to a true experiment?
The data are analyzed the same, but any conclusion that is reached is more tentative for a quasi-experiment
What is the particular type of quasi experiment in which the IV is measured not manipulated?
Developmental designs
What are the three types of developmental designs? (CLS)
Cross-sectional, Longitudinal, and Sequential
What is a cross-sectional developmental design?
Between subjects design that has participants from different age groups perform experiment at one particular time. Confounding of age and cohort.
What is a longitudinal developmental design?
Within subjects design that has participants of the same age perform experiment over period of time.
What is a sequential developmental design?
A mixed design/hybrid design of cross-sectional and longitudinal
What is a single-case research design?
Are like within-subjects design in which just one person or a small group of people are measured on multiple occasions
What are the two general types of single-case or small-n designs?
Reversal designs and Multiple-baseline designs
What are the types of reversal designs (for single case/small-n)?
(1) AB reversal design (AA design as a control) baseline — treatment (2) ABA reversal design (AAA design as a control) baseline — treatment — baseline (3) ABAB reversal design (AAAA design as a control) baseline — treatment — baseline — treatment
What are the types of multiple-baseline designs?
(1) multiple baselines across subjects (2) multiple baselines across behaviors (3) multiple baselines across situations
