Cranial Nerves

Question 1

What are Cranial Nerves and how many pairs are there?

Answer 1

12 paired nerves of the PNS, connects certain muscles and organs directly to the brain.

Question 2

which cranial nerves transmit sensory signals from special senses?

Answer 2

1 (olfactory), 2 (optic), and 8 (Vestibulocochlear)

Question 3

which cranial nerves transmit motor signals to the brain?

Answer 3

3 (oculomotor), 4 (trochlear), 6 (abducens), 11 (accessory), 12 (hypoglossal)

Question 4

which cranial nerves transmit both sensory and motor signals ?

Answer 4

5 (trigeminal), 7 (facial), 9 (glossopharyngeal), 10 (vagus)

Question 5

Which Cranial Nerve transmits impulses for smell and passes from the nasal cavity through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone and end up in the olfactory bulbs?

Answer 5

Nerve 1 (I) (Olfactory)

Question 6

what is the process of olfaction?

Answer 6

the process of smelling begins with cilia (olfactory epithelium) in the nasal cavity, as air enters the cavity, chemicals bind to receipts in cilia that sends a signal that is carried from nasal cavity through ethmoid bone to olfactory bulbs then through the nerves to the olfactory area of cerebral Cortex

Question 7

Which Cranial Nerve transmit impulses for vision and pass from retina of each eye through the optic foramina of the sphenoid and meet at the optic chasm?

Answer 7

Nerve 2 (II) (optic)

Question 8

How does Vision work?

Answer 8

light enters the front of the eye through the pupil, where brightness and colors are interpreted by structure in the back of the eye, and then sent as stimulus signals that brain interprets as vision

Question 9

What is included in the exterior of the eye?

Answer 9

the cornea, pupil, iris, and scalera

Question 10

what types of nervous system cells are found in the retina?

Answer 10

cones and rods

Question 11

what are cones and rods?

Answer 11

Cones interpret the color of light waves in the eye, while rods interpret the intensity of light

Question 12

what do photoreceptors like cones and rods do?

Answer 12

process information into nerve signals that travel through the optic nerve into the occipital lobe, where signals are interpreted to represent an image.

Question 13

what happens inside the eye?

Answer 13

light is refracted by a lens and focused onto the retina, a layer of receptors that line the eye.

Question 14

which cranial nerve transmit impulses for eye movement and innervates most of the eye muscles?

Answer 14

Nerve 3 (III) (oculomotor)

Question 15

which cranial nerve transmits impulses for eye movement and innervates the superior oblique muscles of the eye?

Answer 15

Nerve 4 (IV) (trochlear)

Question 16

which cranial nerve consists of multiple branches that pass sensory and motor signals between the pons and structures of the face?

Answer 16

Nerve 5 (V) (trigeminal)

Question 17

What are the three branches of the Trigeminal (V) nerves?

Answer 17

Ophthalmic (eye region) Maxillary (cheeks nose and mouth region) and Mandibular (gums, teeth, lips and tongue)

Question 18

Which cranial nerve transmits eye movement and passes from the pons through the superior orbital fissure to innervate the lateral rectus muscle of the eye?

Answer 18

Nerve 6 (VI) (Abducens)

Question 19

Which Cranial Nerve transmits sensory and motor impulses to and from the face, and passes through the internal and acoustic meatus and stylomastoid foramina.

Answer 19

Nerve 7 (VII) (Facial Nerves)

Question 20

Which Cranial Nerve transmits impulses for hearing and equilibrium, and passes from the ears through the internal acoustic meatus the pons and medulla oblongata

Answer 20

Nerve 8 (VIII) (Vestibulocochlear)

Question 21

Which cranial Nerve transmits sensory and motor signals to and from the head and the neck, and passes between the medulla oblongata and the tongue, carotid arteries and pharynx

Answer 21

Nerve 9 (IX) (Glossopharyngeal)

Question 22

Which Cranial Nerve transmits sensory and motor impulses between the medulla oblongata and visceral organs

Answer 22

Nerve 10 (X) (Vagus Nerves)

Question 23

Which Cranial nerve transmits motor impulses to the neck and upper back muscles ?

Answer 23

Nerve 11 (XII) (Accessory nerves)

Question 24

Which cranial nerve transmits impulses for tongue movement and passes through the medulla oblongata through the hypoglossal canals to the tongue muscles?

Answer 24

Nerve 12 (XIII) (Hypoglossal)