Chapter 9: Intergroup Relations

Question 1

Absolute/realistic deprivation

Answer 1

the belief that one’s own resources are directly threatened by people in other groups

Question 2

Acculturation

Answer 2

behavioural and psychological changes that happen when groups of individuals having different cultures come into continuous first-hand contact

Question 3

Arbitration

Answer 3

resolution of a conflict by a neutral third party who studies both sides and imposes a settlement

Question 4

Assimilation

Answer 4

the tendency to abandon one’s original culture and participate in the larger society

Question 5

Bargaining

Answer 5

a very commonly used approach to resolving conflict at an individual level, whereby an agreement is sought through direct negotiation between both sides in a conflict

Question 6

Common in-group identity model

Answer 6

a reduction in prejudice is more likely when group members believe they have a shared identity

Question 7

Deindividuation

Answer 7

the tendency to not follow normal rules of behaviour as a result of losing one’s self-awareness

Question 8

Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction (GRIT)

Answer 8

a strategy for resolving conflict that involves unilateral and persistent efforts to establishing trust and cooperation between opposing parties

Question 9

Integration

Answer 9

the tendency to maintain one’s own culture and also participate in the larger society

Question 10

Integrative solution

Answer 10

a negotiated resolution to a conflict in which all parties obtain outcomes that are superior to what they would have obtained from an equal division of the contested resources

Question 11

Intergroup relations

Answer 11

the way in which people in groups perceive, think about, feel about, and act toward people in other groups

Question 12

Marginalization

Answer 12

the tendency to neither maintain one’s own culture nor participate in the larger society

Question 13

Mediation

Answer 13

a particular type of bargaining in which a neutral third party tries to resolve a conflict by facilitating communication between the opposing parties and offering suggestions

Question 14

Mirror-image perception

Answer 14

reciprocal view when each group sees its own behaviour as caused by the actions of the other side

Question 15

Realistic conflict theory

Answer 15

a theory that describes conflict between different groups as resulting from individuals’ self-interest motives in competition for jobs, land, power, and other resources

Question 16

Relative deprivation

Answer 16

the feelings of discontent caused by the belief that one fares poorly compared to people in other groups

Question 17

Separation

Answer 17

the tendency to maintain one’s own culture but to reject, or not participate in, the larger society

Question 18

Social identity theory

Answer 18

a theory that posits that each person strives to enhance his or her self-esteem, which is composed of two parts: a personal identity and a social identity

Question 19

Superordinate goal

Answer 19

a goal that can only be achieved if the members of both groups cooperate