Estructura 5.2 - Negative, affirmative, and indefinite expressions

Question 1

What the expressions used for things?

Answer 1

• Todo (everything) - nada (nothing, not… anything)
• Algo – (something) - nada (nothing, not… anything)
• Alguno/s alguna/s (some …) – ninguno/ninguna (no…/ not… anything)

Question 2

What are the expressions used for people?

Answer 2

• Todos/todas (everyone)-nadie (no one - nobody)
• Todo el mundo (everyone) –nadie (no one)
• Muchas/pocas personas (many/few people) – nadie (no one)
• Alguien (someone) –nadie (no one)
• Alguno/alguna –ninguno/ninguna (a, some person/s) – nadie (no one)

Question 3

What are the expressions used for time?

Answer 3

• Siempre (always) –nunca=jamás (never)
• Muchas veces (many times) –nunca=jamás (never)
• Con frecuencia/a menudo (frequently) –nunca/jamás (never)
• A veces (sometimes) – nunca/jamás (never)
• Una vez (once) - –nunca/jamás (never)

Question 4

What are the expressions used for distribution?

Answer 4

• También (also/too/as well) – tampoco (neither/not either)
  o… o (either… or) – ni… ni (neither… nor)

Question 5

What happens in the case of “a”?

Answer 5

• used before negative and indefinite words that refer to people when they are the direct object of the verb

Question 6

What happens in the case of adjectives?

Answer 6

• Before a masculine, singular noun, algunos and ningunos are shortened to algún and ningún

Question 7

What happens in the case of “o….o”?

Answer 7

• used when there is a choice to be mad between two options
• “ni” is the opposite

Question 8

What happens in the case of pronouns?

Answer 8

• substitute the noun for gender and number

Examples:
1. Llamamos a muchos voluntarios, pero no se presentó ninguno.
2. -No hay ninguna persona de Colombia
-Es cierto, no hay ninguna.