Questions 2nd PDF

Question 1

Describe the different phases of Wheelan’s model

Answer 1

• Forming: Initial stage, members getting to know each other.
• Storming: Conflict emerges as members establish roles and responsibilities.
• Norming: Resolution of conflicts, establishment of group norms.
• Performing: High-functioning stage with effective collaboration.
• Adjourning: The group dissolves after completing its tasks.

Question 2

What is the role of the leader for each stage in IMGD?

Answer 2

• Forming: Directive leadership to provide structure.
• Storming: Coaching to address conflicts.
• Norming: Participative leadership to encourage collaboration.
• Performing: Delegative leadership, letting the team function autonomously.
• Adjourning: Supportive leadership to acknowledge achievements.

Question 3

Isabell Catherine Myers and Briggs developed Jung’s theory of personality types. According to Myers and Briggs people’s similarities and differences are explained by four factors expressed as pairs of opposites. What are these opposing forces, and what characterizes them?

Answer 3

• Extroversion (E) vs. Introversion (I)
• Sensing (S) vs. Intuition (N)
• Thinking (T) vs. Feeling (F)
• Judging (J) vs. Perceiving (P)

Question 4

How can the concept of leadership be defined?

Answer 4

Leadership involves influencing and guiding a group to achieve common goals.

Question 5

There are many theories about leadership styles? What is task or relationship-oriented leadership? Describe situational leadership. Describe transactional and transformative leadership.

Answer 5

• Task-oriented: Focus on goals and tasks.
• Relationship-oriented: Focus on interpersonal relationships.
• Situational: Adapt leadership style based on the situation.
• Transactional: Task and reward-based leadership.
• Transformational: Inspires and motivates, fosters innovation.

Question 6

Describe leadership and power.

Answer 6

• Leadership involves influencing others.
• Power is the ability to influence others’ behaviors.

Question 7

Define and clarify the role of norms in group work?

Answer 7

• Norms are shared expectations defining acceptable behavior.
• They guide and regulate group members’ behavior.

Question 8

Explain and relate the concept of attribution to project work.

Answer 8

• Attribution involves assigning causes to behaviors.
• Understanding attributions can impact collaboration in projects.

Question 9

How can stress affect our behavior?

Answer 9

Stress can lead to varied behaviors, including irritability and decreased productivity.

Question 10

Explain the stress cone.

Answer 10

A model illustrating how stress affects an individual’s performance.

Question 11

What is the basic idea behind Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Answer 11

A theory of human motivation, with needs arranged in a pyramid from basic to self-actualization.

Question 12

Describe Hertzberg’s motivation theory.

Answer 12

Two-factor theory: Hygiene factors prevent dissatisfaction, while motivators lead to satisfaction.

Question 13

How can expectations that we have on, for instance, a workgroup influence how we, as leaders and co-workers, behave? Draw upon McGregor’s X and Y theory.

Answer 13

Expectations influence behaviors based on assumptions about employees (X: negative assumptions, Y: positive assumptions).

Question 14

Describe the Halo Effect.

Answer 14

Tendency to generalize positive traits to an individual based on one positive characteristic.

Question 15

Explain motivation and related to work in projects.

Answer 15

Motivation involves encouraging individuals to contribute their best to project goals.

Question 16

What does it mean to have self-awareness?

Answer 16

Knowing one’s emotions, strengths, weaknesses, and values.

Question 17

Explain the Johari Window model and what it can help us to explain. How can you increase the “arena”? Which are the different types of panes and tis different combinations?

Answer 17

Model representing self-awareness and communication, with four quadrants: open, hidden, blind, and unknown.

Question 18

What does it mean to express yourselves with an I-message? Formulate your own examples. Why is it good to use I-messages?

Answer 18

Expressing feelings and thoughts from a personal perspective to encourage understanding.

Question 19

Give examples of the characteristics of effective feedback

Answer 19

• Specific
• Timely
• Constructive
• Actionable.

Question 20

Explain the feedback stairs. Describe different ways of receiving feedback.

Answer 20

A model illustrating the progression from data to meaning to response in feedback.

Question 21

How can a conflict be defined?

Answer 21

A disagreement or struggle between two or more parties.

Question 22

Conflict: What is the view of hot conflict- and cold conflict?

Answer 22

Hot conflict involves strong emotions; cold conflict is more restrained.

Question 23

Lecture slides describe five different conflict styles; what do they mean and when can each style be useful?

Answer 23

• Accommodating
• Avoiding
• Collaborating
• Competing
• Compromising

check notes

Question 24

What are the concepts; primary group, secondary group, informal and formal group?

Answer 24

• Primary group (intimate relationships)
• Secondary group (formal relationships)
• Informal group (casual relationships)
• Formal group (officially designated).

Question 25

What are the differences between a team, a workgroup and a group?

Answer 25

A team has a shared goal, workgroups focus on individual tasks, groups are more general.

Question 26

What is a role? What is a formal or informal role? Give examples!

Answer 26

• Role: Expected behavior in a position.
• Formal role: Officially assigned.
• Informal role: Arises spontaneously within a group.

Question 27

What aspect should and should not be considered when composing a workgroup?

Answer 27

Consider skills, diversity, and personalities.

Question 28

Why and what kind of work should be done by a group instead of an individual? Why?

Answer 28

Groups for tasks requiring diverse skills, creativity, or collaboration.

Question 29

Describe the benefits and challenges of diversity in groups.

Answer 29

• Benefits: Increased creativity, varied perspectives.
• Challenges: Communication barriers, conflicts.

Question 30

In his research, Belbin identified nine different team roles. What is the assumption of Belbin’s framework of roles? What are the different roles? Why are there different roles in a group?

Answer 30

Assumes individuals have preferred roles (e.g., coordinator, implementer) in a team.

Question 31

What is the definition of gender?

Answer 31

Socially and culturally constructed roles and behaviors associated with being male or female.

Question 32

Clarify the different concepts of horizontal gender segregation/vertical gender segregation/internal gender segregation.

Answer 32

Horizontal (occupational), vertical (hierarchical), internal (roles within an organization).

Question 33

Clarify the concept of master suppression techniques and explain different behaviors of master suppression techniques and counter strategies.

Answer 33

Strategies to maintain dominance; counter strategies involve resistance or awareness.

Question 34

What is the idea behind the concept of the glass ceiling?

Answer 34

Invisible barriers preventing certain groups from reaching higher positions in organizations.

Question 35

Explain the feedback stairs. Describe different ways of receiving feedback.

Answer 35

The staircase explains five ‘steps’ or emotions that we all naturally feel when receiving feedback — Deny, Defend, Explain, Understand and Change

RECEIVING FEEDBACK:
- understand the message
- be aware of your responses
- listen to the feedback
- be open
- reflect and decide what to do
- follow up

Question 36

4 different phases of the Wheelan’s model

Answer 36

Dependency and Inclusion
Counter dependencies and Fight
Trust / Structure
Work / Productivity